TRACHYMEDUSAE 47 



umbrella-margin is given. Halicreas glabrum, is probably identical with the species described by 

 Browne (1908) as Botrynema brucei. The peculiar arrangement of the tentacles in sixteen groups 

 entirely escaped the notice of the ' Valdivia ' artist as well as of Vanhoflfen himself. 



Apart therefore from Halicreas papillosum, which specific name according to the rule of priority 

 gives place to Halicreas minimum Fewkes (1882), of VanhoflFen's four remaining species only Haliscera 

 conica can be retained as genuine. Vanhoflfen recorded two specimens between South Africa and the 

 Antarctic Continent. No proper description was given, but the few remarks in the text together with 

 the two figures enable us to identify this species with certainty. The conical shape of the umbrella 

 as shown in his PI. 9, fig. 6, is very characteristic, and is retained and perfectly recognizable even in 

 poorly preserved specimens. Moreover, in this case Vanhoflten has given an excellent figure of a section 

 of the umbrella-margin and two of the radial canals with the gonads. I have seen numerous specimens 

 in the Discovery material, as well as in other collections, which agree perfectly in every detail. 



Haliscera racovitzae Maas is a distinct species and is represented in the present collection. 



Halicreas minimum Fewkes 1882 



(Text-fig. 18) 



1882 Halicreas minimum Fewkes, p. 306. 



19026 Halicreas papillosum VanhofFen, p. 68. PI. 9, figs. 7-8; PI. n, fig. 3°- 



1909 Halicreas papillosum Bigelow, p. 138. PL 3, fig- 3; PI- 33- ^gs- §. 9; PI- 34- Ags- i-3. S- 8, 10, 11. 



1938 Halicreas minimum Bigelow, p. 122. 



1947 Halicreas minimum Kramp, p. 7. PI. 6, fig. 3. 



Occurrence: Stns 9, 71, 72, 76, 78. 81, 83, 85, 86, 87, 89, 100, loi, 102, 107, 114, 151. 239- 253. 256 281, 282, 287, 

 304, 354. 391. 395. 401. 405. 407. 675. 677. 679. 687, 688, 690, 696, 699, 700, i554. 1567, 1568, 1569, 1576, 

 1578, 1581, 1582, 1585, 1587, 1600, 1639, 1707, 1718, 1747. 1749. 1750, 1753. 1754. 1757. 1758, 1762, 1766. 1770. 

 1808, 1863, 1917, 1919, 1944. 1970, 1972. 1974. 1981, 1989. 1991. 1995. 1999. 2001, 2006, 2008, 2033, 2035, 203s, 

 2040, 2042, 2044. 2048, 2053, 2055, 20S7, 2059, 2061, 2063, 2064, 2066. (For details of station positions, date, etc., 

 see Table i, p. no, and text-fig. 18, p. 102.) 



All the specimens were taken in hauls through intermediate or deep layers, with the exception of 



two young specimens, about 6 mm. wide, which were taken in a haul with the young-fish trawl, 



TYF, 30o(-o) m. at St. 282. r at ■ ^ .u 



Many of these numerous localities are within an area between the west coast of Africa and the 

 east coast of South America, north of 40° S, from which the species was previously known, and the 

 six stations off the east coast of Africa are not far from an area from which it was recorded by Browne 

 (1916, p. 195). On the other hand, the long series of stations at about 32° S, from the south-east 

 coast of Africa eastwards to 83° 36' E, traverses an area whence it has not previously been recorded. 

 Moreover, with two exceptions, it was unknown south of 40^ S, and 'Discovery II h^a^ taken it in 

 numerous localities across the Atlantic Ocean south of this latitude and in the area east of the Falkland 

 Islands, around South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands and farther southwards along the 

 eastern border of the Weddell Sea as far as 66°-67° S (Stns 2001, 2006, 2008). The ofly P^^'^^^^ 

 records from these southern waters were given by Browne (1908, p. 237, 72° 02 S 23 4° W) ana 

 by Kramp (19486, p. 7. two localities north-west of South Georgia). 'Discovery II also found it 

 much farther east in the antarctic region, between 92° 06' E and 129° 25' E, in latitudes between 

 58° 35' S and 64° 22-6' S (Stns 1639, 1707 and 1718). Thus the Discovery collections have increased 

 the known area of distribution of this species very considerably. r 11 ,u 



Distribution. Halicreas minimum seems to be generally distributed in the deep parts of all the 

 oceans, except the Mediterranean and the arctic basins. It is common in the North Atlantic, but it 

 does not cross the submarine ridges between Scotland, Iceland, Greenland and Baffin Land. From 



