252 RADIATION BIOLOGY 



an a particle must indeed be so intense that even glancing "hits" may- 

 be effective, so that the effective target area would be somewhat greater 

 than the geometrical cross section of the protein. 



REFERENCES 



Bacher, R. F., and S. Goudsmit (1932) Atomic energy states. McGraw-Hill Book 

 Company, Inc., New York. 



Coolidge, A. S., H. M. James, and R. D. Present (1936) A study of the Franck- 

 Condon principle. J. Chem. Phys., 4: 193-211. 



Dainton, F. S. (1948) On the existence of free atoms and radicals in water and aqueous 

 solutions subjected to ionizing radiation. J. Phys. & Colloid Chem., 52: 

 490-517. 



Eyring, H., J. O. Hirschfelder, and H. S. Taylor (1936) The ortho-para hydrogen 

 conversion by alpha-particles. J. Chem. Phys., 4: 479-491. 



Fano, U. (1946) On the theory of ionization yield of radiations in different sub- 

 stances. Phys. Rev., 70: 44-52. 



Forster, T. (1951) Fluoreszenz organischer Verbindungen. Vandenhoeck und 

 Ruprecht, Gottingen. 



Franck, J., and R. Livingston (1941) Remarks on the fluorescence, phosphorescence, 

 and photochemistry of dyestuffs. J. Chem. Phys., 9: 184-190. 



and (1949) Remarks on intra- and intermolecular migration of excita- 

 tion energy. Revs. Modern Phys., 21: 505-509. 



and H. Sponer (1948) Comparison between predissociation and internal 



conversion in polyatomic molecules, in Contribution a I'etude de la structure 

 moleculaire. Desoer, Liege, pp. 169-179. 



-, and E. Teller (1932) Bemerkungen iiber Pradissoziationsspektren 



dreiatomiger Molekiile. Z. physik. Chem., B18: 88-101. 

 Gerritsen, A. N. (1948) Ionization by alpha-particles in liquids at low temperatures. 



Physica, 14: 381-406, 407-424. 

 Herzberg, G. (1950) Spectra of diatomic molecules, 2d ed. D. Van Nostrand Com- 

 pany, Inc., New York. 

 Hippie, J. A. (1948) Spontaneous dissociation of ions. J. Phys. & Colloid Chem., 



52: 456-462. 

 Kasha, M. (1950) Characterization of electronic transitions in complex molecules. 



Di-scussions Faraday Soc. (9): 14-19. 

 Kubowitz, F., and E. Haas (1933) tjber das Zerstorungsspektrum der Urease. 



Biochem. Z., 257: 337-343. 

 Laidler, K. J., and K. E. Shuler (1951) Elementary reactions in the gas phase 



involving excited electronic states. Chem. Revs., 48: 153-224. 

 Landolt-Bornstein (1951) Zahlenwerte und Funktionen, 6th ed. Verlag Julius 



Springer, Berlin, I, 3, pp. 78-358. 

 Lea, D. E. (1946) Actions of radiations on living cells. Cambridge University 



Press, Cambridge. 

 (1947a) The action of radiations on dilute aqueous solutions: the spatial 



distribution of H and OH. Brit. J. Radiology, Suppl. 1, pp. 59-63. 



(1947b) The induction of chromosome structural changes by radiation: 



detailed quantitative interpretation. Brit. J. Radiology, Suppl. 1, pp. 75-83. 



Magee, J. L. (1951) Theory of radiation chemistry. I. Some effects of variation in 

 ionization density. J. Am. Chem. Soc, 73: 3270-3275. 



Massey, H. S. W. (1949) Collisions between atoms and molecules at ordinary tem- 

 peratures. Repts. Progress Phys., 12: 248-269. 



