352 DISCOVERY REPORTS 



pedalia cannot be distinctly seen. The principal characters mentioned by Vanhoeffen— 

 dome-like vaulted bell, brighter reddish brown colour, and late development of gonads 

 —do not suffice, I believe, to separate the specimens from large dodecabostrycha . 



Maas (1897), studying the Albatross material, found regino in the Gulf of California 

 and in the neighbourhood of Central America in the Pacific (p. 65). The figure on pi. x, 

 partly after a sketch from life by Agassiz, gives a vague impression of the habitus with 

 the thick gelatinous substance, low dome, deep coronal furrow and rounded stomach 

 without apical projection, but is certainly not correct with regard to the pedalia, lappet 

 zone and colour. The pedalia, to begin with, are very large blunt balls of equal size and 

 form, lying between the lappets. They are separated by a deep cleft not only from each 

 other but also from the tentacles and lappets. In fact, the pedalia pass gradually into 

 the lappets. Here they are figured as perfectly isolated from them. I believe that in 

 this figure we find the origin of the statement that the pedalia of regina ought to be 

 globular or at least semiglobular. The colour of the stomach in this figure is certainly 

 not correct (see below). The lappets show traces of a horseshoe-shaped, rose pigment 

 pattern similar to that which I found in the Discovery specimens. Maas finds (p. 64) 

 the remarkable characteristics less in proportions or details than in the general shape 

 and in the broad plump form not only of the bell but also of the pedalia, bulbs and 

 tentacles (see footnote, p. 344). 



The Deutsche Subpolar Expedition (Vanhoefl'en, 1908) captured one specimen in 

 the waters near Cape Town at a depth of 3000 m. and two others in the ' Eisberggebiet ' 

 south of Kerguelen on the route to Gaussberg. No description is given, but in a few 

 lines reference is made to a "large form with dome-like bell" (the same characters as 

 in large dodecabostrycha). One specimen was lost before it had been studied (p. 36). 



The' Southern Cross ' (Browne, 19 10, pp. 42-6) secured five specimens oiaPeriphylla, 

 mostly broken into pieces or in a very bad state of preservation, in the waters near Cape 

 Adare on the surface or in less than six fathoms (Browne, Southern Cross Collections, 

 1902, p. 214 ; 1910, pp. 42-6), and the ' Discovery ' obtained a single specimen (captured 

 by hand) in McMurdo Sound. The occurrence oiaPeriphylla at or near the surface in the 

 Antarctic region is very remarkable. The description given by Browne is ver}' unsatis- 

 factory and it is impossible to identify the much damaged specimens with any certainty. 

 Browne himself felt uncertain about his identification of them as dodecabostrycha. He 

 writes that the rounded shape of the top of the umbrella is in favour of the specimens 

 being regina; but after comparing Dr Wilson's sketch (pi. viii, fig. i) with that of regina 

 by Agassiz he came to the conclusion that the specimens did not belong to that species. 

 His determination is based not so much on the shape of the umbrella as on the shape 

 of the pedalia, the rhopalar being longer and narrower than the tentacular ones as in 

 Haeckel's figure (in the figure by Agassiz they are represented as of equal size) and having 

 quite a different form. They look as if they were constricted in the middle, having a 

 globular part next the coronal furrow and a flatter part nearer to the lappets. It is a pity 

 that Browne's figure is so unsatisfactory in this respect, the pedalia being figured in such 



