CLIMATIC ZONES 



39 



not attain its maximum size in Alaska. A hemlock (Tsuga hete- 

 rophylla) is also abundant, and somewhat less so a cedar (Chamae- 

 cyparis nootkatensis) , both majestic forest trees. 



Along the shore one sees masses of giant kelps (Macrocystis, 

 Nereocystis, and others). These enormous sea-weeds are a con- 

 spicuous feature of the rocky shores of Pacific America. 



The deciduous trees, alders, willows, poplars and maples, are 

 mainly restricted to the banks of streams, the maples suggesting 

 the proximity of a more southern flora. 



Fig. 5. — Coastal forest, Southeast Alaska. 



The mossy carpet of the forest floor is adorned with many of 

 the same plants that occur in Europe and Asia, e. g., Pyrola, 

 Linnaea, dwarf cornel and various species of Lycopodium, but 

 in addition there are many purely American species. 



Along the streams and the edge of the forest, as well as in the 

 forest clearings is a jungle of shrubs forming impenetrable thickets. 

 Among these are raspberries, elder, mountain ash, roses, spiraea, 

 huckleberries and others decidedly suggestive of the temperate 

 forests further south. 



A very characteristic member of this jungle is the " Devil's 



