90 DISCOVERY REPORTS 



been removed by means of strong acids, and still retain sufficient firmness to bear 

 handling without injury". This exception can hardly be said to affect the general rule 

 that acid destroys agglutinate Foraminifera. 



The history of the organisms, which we are now describing, begins in 1913, when 

 Faure-Fremiet (F. 1913-14, FMAF, p. 4, pi. O, fig. 5) figured and described an or- 

 ganism from the Antarctic, which he assigned to Miliolina alveoliniformis, Brady, a well- 

 known coral-reef species. Apart from the fact that Faure-Fremiet 's specimens had 

 agglutinate tests and a cribrate aperture, it is clear that they had little in common with 

 Brady's species. Faure-Fremiet seems to have had doubts as to his identification, and 

 raises the question as to whether his organism is not a true arenaceous form, isomorphous 

 with Brady's species. Faure-Fremiet informs us that his mounted specimens of 

 Miliolina alveoliniformis, Brady, have been mislaid, and are probably lost, but, having 

 refreshed his memory by reference to his paper, he has no doubt whatever that his 

 figure No. 5 b represents the oral end of his specimens, and that the characteristics there 

 shown were constant and apparently quite distinct from the normal milioline aperture. 



We must, therefore, accept the position that there is a species in the Antarctic answer- 

 ing to Faure-Fremiet's description and figures, and characterized by a cribrate aperture. 

 As the attribution of the ' Pourquoi-Pas? ' specimens to Miliolina alveoliniformis, Brady, 

 cannot be upheld, we suggest the new name Miliammina cribrosa for Faure-Fremiet's type. 



In 1914 Chapman (C. 1914, FORS, p. 59, pi. i, fig. 7) described and figured under the 

 name Miliolina oblonga var.n. arenacea some specimens from the Ross Sea in the 

 Antarctic. He described his organism as " quite a constant form", differing only from 

 the porcellanous type of Montagu in the finely arenaceous material of the test. He also 

 remarked that no porcellanous specimens were found in the same dredgings, and that his 

 organism is readily distinguishable from Miliolina agglutinans (d'Orbigny), which is an 

 agglutinate species. 



Chapman's variety has since been designated as the genotype of the genus Miliammina 

 by Professor T. D. A. Cockerell under the name Miliammina arenacea (Chapman). (See 

 correspondence in Nature, June 28 and September 20, 1930.) 



In 1922 we published a report on the Foraminifera of the Terra Nova Antarctic 

 Expedition (H.-A. and E. 1922, TN, p. 66) in which we recorded that Miliolina oblonga 

 var. arenacea. Chapman (synonym Miliolina alveoliniformis, Faure-Fremiet non Brady) 

 was the most typical Miliolid of the Terra Nova Antarctic collections, and that it 

 presented a considerable range of form. Although a minute examination of the test 

 was made to ascertain its constituents, no doubts were then entertained as to its milioline 

 nature, and consequently no chemical tests were employed. Nor did we attempt to 

 separate the different variations, which were all listed under Chapman's name. 



In connection with the examination of the Discovery material, it soon became 

 apparent that an organism similar to Chapman's was a typical constituent of the muds 

 in the South Georgia area, where it was found in great variety in nearly every sounding 

 from moderate depths. In the course of experiments to determine the proportion of 

 calcareous matter in the test (the South Georgia muds being almost entirely mineral 



