16 



SHRUBS 



Des. 

 Pin-Jun. 

 Chap. 

 Grass 



Calif. 



Des. 

 Chap. 



Calif. 

 Ariz. 

 N. M. 

 Colo. 



S-U EPHEDRA, JOINT FIR, MORMON TEA, 

 Ephedra californica; Ephedra Fam. 1-2' high, and 

 with long, jointed stems; opposite and scale-like 

 leaves; slender stalks often broom-like and greea. 



Ancient medicinal plants used by the father of 

 Chinese Medicine, Shen Mung, in2698BoC. Dried 

 roots and stems ;used in treatment of coughs, for 

 colds, headache and fever. Stems sold in Chinese 

 stores under name Ma-Huango Chinese variety 

 is what the alkaloid ephedrin is made from; our ^ 

 variety has a high percentage of tannin. flower cone 



It was abeverage for Indians as well as roast- u 



ed and ground for bitter breado One tribe made a w^ 



decoction of the entire plant and drank it to help 

 stop bleeding. Pioneers made a tea used as a blood purifier. The 

 deer and sheep eat bark and foliage, if food scarce. Quail eat seed. 



S-2. YUCCAS, AMOLES, 

 Yucca sp«; Lily Fam^ 2-18' high 

 with thickly-clustered, sharply- 

 pointed leaves; large, whitish 

 flowers form, towering, termi- 

 nal panciles; black seedSo The 

 flowers are pollinated by the 

 night-flying Pronuba moth* 



LEAVES 

 PALE 



YELLOWISH 

 GREEN 



Yucca schidigera 



LEAF 



Fleshy-fruited Yucca, Y, baccata. 



Indians eat the flowers. The stalks 

 are rich in sugar; the leaves produce a 

 fibre used in making baskets and mats. 

 The roots are used as a substitute for 

 soap and for cleaning hair*, The large, 

 pulpy fruits of Y, baccata are eaten raw, 

 roasted, or cooked and dried for future 

 use. Cattle eat the flowers. 



