52 



HERBS 



Grass 

 Oak 

 MCF 

 CCF 



Wash. 

 Ore. 

 Calif. 

 W. Can. 



Oak 

 CCF 



MCF 



Wash. 



Ore. 



Calif. 



Stems were eaten; roots boiled and eaten with meat. Sometimes 

 the plant was boiled and added as a thickening agent to manzanita 

 cider. One variety was used for inflammatory rheumatism (pro- 

 bably Asclepias cryptoceras, which has very broad leaves with 

 sudden, sharp points). The juice was used as healing application 

 to cuts and wounds, also used for tattooing. Milk applied to warts, 

 supposed to entirely cure them. 



H-41. SKUNK WEED, Kavarre - 



tia squarrosa^ Phlox Fam. 2" -20" 



high herb with white woolly leaves, 



about 1" long, coarsely divided; 



flowers pale blue or purple in ter-/^. 



minal heads; foliage has strong odor. 

 Indians gathered seeds in late 



summer, dried and stored them. To 



prepare them for eating, they would 



parch and pulverize the seeds and 



eat them dry. 



Other species of Navarretia may 



have same odor and be used in same '^ 



ways. White Navarretia, N. leuco- 



cephala (white flowers and with white 



or reddish-streaked stems), was boiled and decoction put on swel- 

 lings, 



H-42. GRAND HOUND'S 

 TONGUE, Cynoglossum 

 grande , Borage Fam, A 

 medium-sized plant, 1-3' 

 tall; leaves mostly basal 

 and blue to lavender flow- 

 ers are funnelform on ter- 

 minal panicles. Its leaves 

 have a disagreeable taste 

 ,and the burs stick to stock. 

 Dioscorides says (in 

 regard to the genus): "the 

 leaves boiled in wine and 

 salt applied to bruises, 

 or juice boiled in hog lard 

 cures falling hair; same 



BLUE 



is good for burns. Distilled water of herb and roots good for all 



