48 



HERBS 



Mead. 

 Str. Wd. 



Most States 

 W. Can. 



Sage 

 Mead. 

 Sub. Alp. 



Ore. 



Calif. 



Ida. 



Wyo. 



Utah 



Nev. 



them with decomposed deer liver and used this to poison war ar- 

 rows. Young spring leaves are poisonous to cattle. Materia 

 Medic a says, "used for depressed mind, loss of strength, trem- 

 bling; acts on the glandular system." Thousands of pounds of 

 leaves and seeds are imported for the drug trade each year. 



H-33. SQUAWROOT or YAMPAH, Per- 

 ideridla gairdneri . Also called Caraway. ^^^^ 

 A tall plant with single stem, l'-3 1/S' tall, 

 with single umbels of white flowers, few, un- 

 divided leaves; fleshy roots single or in clus- 

 ters; several bractlets surround flowers. 



Parkinson, in 1640, writes: "Seeds good 

 for colds or indigestions. A poultice made 

 of powdered seeds is good for the eyes and will 

 also take away black and blue spots. The 

 herb and seed fried and put hot into a bag 

 eases stomach pains." 



The Indians gathered roots in the spring 

 and washed them, then trampled them to re- 

 lease the outer skin, then washed again and 

 cooked as potatoes. Roots were ground and 

 made into cakes also. Fremont liked it cooked with wild duck. 



H-34. BOLANDER'S YAMPAH, 

 Perideridea bolanderi. l'-2' high 



the acorn season. 



herb, with small, white or pinkish 

 flowers in thick umbels; leaves op- 

 posite, the leaflets thread-like. 



Indians gather roots in large quan- 

 tities and eat them raw or cooked as 

 4% a staple article of diet - equal to 

 ^***^^ Mariposa Lily bulbs. When eaten 

 cooked, roots were boiled until 

 mealy, peeled, and cooked as soup; 

 this usually being done at the end of 

 If stored, they were preserved by drying and 



washing. Found in drier parts of west, 3000' -8000' altitudes. 



H-35. ANISE, Foeniculum vulgare . Also called Sweet Fennel. 

 (Illustrated on next page.) 2 '-7' high herb, with very finely-divided. 



