222 Investigations in Plant Pathology 



February, March, and April 1891, Underwood had visited orange 

 groves and studied the methods of cultivation and treatment in 

 vogue, in the counties of Brevard, Citrus, Hernando, Lake, 

 Manatee, Marion, Orange, Pasco, Polk, St. John's and Volusia, 

 traversing, also, nme other counties during the winter. He pur- 

 posely did not report on all the diseases noticed. For instance, he 

 excluded diseases produced by insect pests, although he referred 

 to the presence of the long scale, red spider, rust mite, etc., and 

 such counteracting agents as lady bugs and uses of spraying and 

 proper cultivation. Underwood styled his report, " Diseases of the 

 Orange in Florida," ^^ and considered die-back and foot-rot, attri- 

 buting these probably to improper cultivation or fertilization; 

 blight, possibly caused by bacteria; scab and leaf spot, believed 

 caused by parasitic fungi; sooty mold, a malady reported on by 

 Farlow in 1876; and leaf glaze, attributed to a leaf lichen. 



In May 1891 Smith was at Dover, Delaware, planning and carry- 

 ing out several series of peach yellows infection experiments, 

 to see what, if any, new knowledge concerning the disease's 

 transmission could be gleaned. He had his microscope with him, 

 and, along with his peach yellows infection experiments, he was 

 studying and making good drawings of the Monilia, evidently 

 aware of his lack of complete information concerning the life 

 history of the fungus. That spring he had arrived in the field 

 early enough to study the twig blight from its beginning and 

 experiment with treatments of Bordeaux mixture. Thus far, 

 fungicides had neither prevented nor lessened the blight, so far 

 as Smith could discern. He was trying to coordinate his studies of 

 peach yellows on the Chesapeake peninsula with his work on 

 peach rosette in Georgia which he had started the year before at 

 Griffin. "With a view to clearing up some mooted points in 

 connection with the Georgia Rosette," he told Galloway by letter 

 of May 10th, " I've also budded a good many plums and cherries 

 of different sorts, with buds taken from peach trees having yellows. 

 Many buds were put into each tree and if it is possible to induce 

 the Northern yellows in plums I shall do it." 



Soon thereafter he went to Georgia to examine and, to his 

 delight, find that the results of his inoculation experiments of the 

 year previous were " astonishing and important beyond all expecta- 



"'' Jour. Mycology 7(1): 27-34, Sept. 10, 1891. 



