Fl.ORlOA AND (^AI.irORNIA LABORATORIES 237 



may be " largely prevented by grafting . . . susceptible varieties 

 upon more hardy roots." He also reported results on the crossing 

 of the Muscat of Alexandria with a good variety of raisin grape 

 not subject to coulure, and combining disease resistance with 

 desirable qualities of fruit. He revealed: 



From the crossing of stocks the best results are expected. A vine known 

 in Calitornia as the Malaga, and usually grown as a raisin qrape, has been 

 selected to cross with the Ahiscat of Alexaiuiria. It embodies hardiness of 

 bloom, top, and root, and the qualities which appear desirable. A suitable 

 location for conducting the work was found in the Lucerne Vineyard at 

 Hanford, Cal[iforaia]. During the blooming season the crossing was 

 successfully accomplished, the Malaga beint; used as the pollinating 

 variety. As a result of this cross several hundred berries set and arrived 

 at maturity. It is hoped that plants grown from the seed of these berries 

 will possess most of the hardy qualities of flower, top, and root, so marked 

 in the Malaga. This view is based on the results obtained by Prof[essor] 

 Millardet in the production of over 10,000 hybrid vines.^- 



Furthcrmore, it was announced that "A bulletin on coulure of 

 raisin grapes [was then] being prepared, embodying the results 

 to date. It will include a translation of a paper by Prof[essor] 

 Millardet on the hybridization of the vine." This work, begun 

 in 1892, began to attain flourishing promise by 1894. Pierce gave 

 some time in 1892 to completing a paper on " Prune Rust," ^^ and 

 by letter of November 20 Galloway praised his presentation of 

 this disease and its treatment. "' It is an interesting paper," he 

 wrote, " and will, I am sure, attract widespread attention. The 

 photographs are very striking. They were shown Mr. Willits, and 

 he seemed very much pleased with them. The results are especially 

 interesting to me because it is the first rust disease that has really 

 been presented." 



Coulure claimed in 1892 losses of more than six hundred 

 thousand dollars ^' in the San Joaquin Valley alone. Pierce 

 realized that, to preserve the industry, he could not abandon his 

 efforts to solve this disease. Since his first years in California, 

 he had kept Smith advised of his progress. July 27, 1894, at Chico, 



^° Report of the Chief of the Division of Vegetable Pathology for the year 1893, 

 op. cit., 273. At p. 273-274 appeared a statement of the work done thus far on 

 the California vine disease. 



]our. Mycology 7(4): 354-362, Aug. 15, 1894. 



1893 report, supra, 273. 



It 



