Of THi- SciuNCi- OF Plant Bactfriology 327 



Darwin, Professor of Physiological Botany at the University of 

 Cambridge, and H. Marshall Ward of the same great place of 

 learning, luich year new names were added. Among the English- 

 men by 1898 were J. Bretland Farmer, Professor of Botany at the 

 Royal College of Sciences, South Kensington; Pdgar M. Oook- 

 shank. Professor of Comparative Pathology and Bacteriology, and 

 fellow of Kings College, London; Alfred J. Ewart and Percy 

 Frankland of Alason College, Birmingham. Among other Ger- 

 mans were V5chting of Tiibingen; W. Busse of Berlin; L. Kny 

 of Wilmersdorf bei Berlin; K. B. Lehmann of Wiirzburg; A. F. 

 W. Schimper of Bonn and later Basel, Switzerland; Oscar Loew, 

 then of Germany and later Japan; Rudolf Arendt of Leipzig; 

 A. Meyer and F. G. Kohl of Marburg; and O. Uhlworm. L. Errara 

 was from Brussels, Emerich Rathay from Vienna, and J. Costantin 

 from Paris. F. Noack was a Brazilian. Correspondents extended 

 to India, Java, Australia, Japan, and other countries. These were 

 scientists to whom Smith sent his papers,"* and many of them 

 began to write to him. 



American teachers of bacteriology more and more requested 

 either his literature on plant bacterial diseases or cultures of the 

 bacteria he had studied. In 1898, for example, Mazyck P. Ravenel 

 of the University of Pennsylvania wrote Smith for literature on 

 this subject and root bacteria and their function in the fixation 

 of nitrogen. Charles Edward Marshall, bacteriologist of Michigan 

 Agricultural College, wrote for cultures. " Some of my students 

 would like to make a study of the bacteria " of plants, he said. 



On December 24, 1900, Dr. Welch invited Smith to dine with 

 him three evenings later at the Maryland Club " to meet members 

 of the Bacteriological Society." Just a year past, at the Yale 

 Medical School, the Society of American Bacteriologists ^''^ had 

 been organized as an affiliate of the American Society of Na- 

 turalists, and its second annual meeting was being held in the 

 pathological laboratory of the Johns Hopkins Hospital. W. T. 

 Sedgwick was president of the society and on the evening of 

 December 27 he gave his address on " The origin, scope and 

 significance of bacteriolog)'." On the same day, at the medical 



"* Based on Smith's " Ledgers." 



^^° C.-E. A. Winslow, The first forty years of the Society of American Bacteriol- 

 ogists, Science, n. s., 91(2354): 125-129, Jan.-June 1940. 



