66 



BOTANY OF THE LIVING PLANT 



and divide, acting as a cambium-cell. The cells thrown off from it 

 on the inner side take the characters of additional cortex ; those on 

 the outer side enlarge, their cell-contents are absorbed, and their 



Fig. 43. 



Diagrams illustrating successive steps in the formation of cork in the cells (2) 

 directly below the epidermis ( 1) . A shows the first division. B shows the state after 

 repeated divisions, resulting in a radial row of cells. Of these the outer (a) are 

 cork ; the innermost (c) are phelloderm, which adds to the cortex, (b) represents 

 the cork-cambium. 



thin walls are changed to impervious cork (Fig. 44 : parts right and 

 left of the drawing). As the cells fit closely without intercellular 

 spaces, they form a complete protective covering. Partly owing to 

 the growth in bulk within, but chiefly because the cork cuts it off 



Fig. 44. 



Transverse section of the stem of Elder, traversing a lenticel. £=epidermis. 

 £/t=phellogen, or cork cambium. Z=spongy cells filling the lenticel. ^=phellogen 

 of the lenticel. ^>d=cork, or phelloderm. ( x go.) Strasburger. 



from the living tissues, the epidermis soon dries up, splits, and peels 

 away. 



The covering of cork having its cells closely fitting together is not 

 only impervious to water, but also to gases. Thus the living tissues 



