INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



669 



Breaking stress, the smallest burden 

 per unit of transverse section of a 

 strand which will cause rupture, 

 178, 179. 



Breeding, rate of, 333. 



Bromeliads, epiphytic, 211. 



Broomrape (Orobanche), parasitism 

 of, 226 (Fig. 153). 



Brown Algae, 378 (Chap, xxiii.). 



Bryales, 476, 549. 



Bryophyllum, adventitious buds of, 

 247 (Fig. 170). 



Bryophyta, the lower archegoniate 

 plants, including Mosses and Liver- 

 worts, 3 ; saprophytism in, 465 ; 

 description of (Chap, xxx.), 461 ; 

 size-problem of, 591, 601 ; failure 

 to combine ventilation with branch- 

 ing, 601. 



Bryopsis, thallus of, 171 ; 370 (Fig. 



275) ; 4*7- 

 Buckwheat, root-tip of, 89 (Fig. 



64. A). 



Bud, a compact young shoot, 9 ; 

 dormant, 14, 80 (Fig. 55), 149, 150 ; 

 axillary, formed in normal se- 

 quence, 245 ; adventitious, 247 

 (Figs. 170, .171) ; carpogonial buds 

 of Red Algae, 389 ; summer and 

 winter buds of Uredineae, 433, 

 437 ; big and small buds compared, 

 600. 



Bulb, a storage bud : of Hyacinth, 

 198 (Fig. 132) ; ripening of, 199. 



Bulbochaete, 365, 367 (Fig. 272). 



Buttercup (Ranunculus), root of, 85 

 (Fig. 59) ; Water-Buttercups, 212 ; 

 flower of, 623, 624 (Figs. 473 B, 



474). 

 Butterwort (Pinguicula), 164. 



Buxbaumia, saprophytism of, 465. 



Cactus, succulent stem of, 209 (Fig. 

 141 ; correlation in, 218. 



Calamarian fossils, 522. 



Calamus, Rattan Palm, straggling 

 habit, 214 (Fig. 143, iv.), 345. 



Calcium carbonate in soil, 97. 



California, giant trees of (Frontis- 

 piece), 14, 527. 



Calluna (Heather), endotrophic my- 

 corrhiza, 230 (Fig. 158). 



Callus, a carbohydrate substance de- 

 posited round the sieve-plate, 49 

 (Fig. 27), 50. 



Calories, 662. 



Caltha (Marsh Marigold) structure of 

 anther, 281 (Figs. 202, 203) ; 

 pollen-tetrads of, 283 (Fig. 204), 

 286 (Fig. 207) ; carpels of, 289 



(Figs. 208, 210) ; anatropous ovule 

 of, 294-296 (Figs. 216, 217) ; floral 

 construction of, 622, 623. 



Calyptra, the cap covering the capsule 

 in most Mosses, developed from the 

 archegonial wall, 469 (Fig. 364). 

 The same term is also applied 

 to the Root Cap of Vascular 

 Plants. 



Calyptrogen, the layer of cells which 

 gives rise to the root-cap, 88 

 (Fig. 63). 



Calyx, the outermost series of floral 

 parts, composed of sepals, 255. 



Cambium, an actively dividing forma- 

 tive tissue (secondary meristem), 

 55-58 (Figs. 34-36, 41) ; fascicular 

 and interfascicular, 56 ; of root, 91 

 (Fig. 66) ; of Conifers, 502 ; pro- 

 ducts of, 50 (Fig. 38) ; form of 

 cells of, 59 (Figs. 35, 36). 



Camellia, 393. 



Canadian weed (Elodea), 120 ; vege- 

 tative propagation of, 245. 



Canal-cells, of Fern, 478 (Fig. 394) ; 

 of Moss, 468 (Fig. 363). 



Cane sugar (sucrose), 123. 



Caoutchouc, 53. 



Caper Family, 568. 



Capillarity in soils, 96. 



Capitulum, a head, as in Compositae, 

 where numerous small flowers are 

 grouped on the widened axis, or 

 general receptacle, 262 (Fig. 186), 

 647, 652 (Figs. 498, 502). 



Capsella, ovule and embryo of, 311 

 (Figs, 230, 231, 239). 



Capsule of Bryophytes, 461 (Fig. 355), 

 469 (Fig. 364), 475 (Fig. 371). 



Carbohydrates, 123 ; used to form 

 protein, 126 ; synthesis, rates of, 

 122 ; storage of, 124, 130 (Figs. 

 81, 85) ; in foodstuffs, 653-661. 



Carbon dioxide, in air, 118 ; in 

 water, no; utilised in photo- 

 synthesis, 118; given off in res- 

 piration, 134. 



Cardamine hirsuta, explosive fruit of, 

 165 (Fig. 101), 324. 



Cardamine pratensis, adventitious 

 buds of, 247. 



Cardoon, spread of, in La Plata, 331. 



Carex, rhizome of, 207 (Fig. 139) ; 

 host for Puccinia, 433 ; flowers of, 

 615 (Fig. 463). 



Carina, or keel of Pea-flowers, com- 

 posed of the two obliquely anterior 

 coherent petals, 636 (Fig. 489). 



Carissa, straggling by axillary 

 branches, 215 (Fig. 143, v. vi.). 



