INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



677 



Fluting of stele, 593 (Fig. 440). 

 Foliage-spurs, of Pine, 529 (Fig. 416). 

 Foliar appendages, borne on axis, 347. 

 Foliar-gaps of Ferns, 486 (Figs. 374, 



376. A). 

 Follicle, a separate carpel splitting 



along its margins, and containing 



several seeds, 321 (Fig. 240). 

 Fomes, 441 (Figs. 340, 342.) 

 Fontinalis, aquatic habit of, 462 ; 



peristome of, 471 (Fig. 367). 

 Food chains, 138. 

 Food of plants, 114 ; supplied in 



solution, 131. 

 Food-stuffs (Appendix B), 653. 

 Food- values, 662. 

 Foot, the suctorial organ in the 



embryo : in Ferns, 504 (Fig. 397). 

 Forcing of plants, 153. 

 Form, modifications of, Chap. xi. ; 



relation to size, 589 (Chap, xxxvi.). 

 Formaldehyde, 121. 

 Foxglove (Digitalis), 644. 

 Fragaria vesca (Strawberry), 633 



(Fig- 485). 

 Fragmentation, the direct division 



of nuclei, without formation of a 



spindle, 284. 



Free-central placentation, of ovules, 

 when seated on an apparent pro- 

 longation of the floral axis into the 

 ovary, 291. 



French-bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), 

 analysis of, 655 ; origin of, 656. 



Fritillaria, 21 (Fig. 12), 608. 



Fritschiella, sporeling, 592 (Fig. 447). 



Frost, effect on plants, 148. 



Fructose, 123. 



Fruit, the whole pistil or gynoecium 

 when matured, 320. 



Frullania, structure of leaves of, 473 

 (Fig. 369). 



Fuchsia, epigynous flower of, 272 

 (Fig. 197). 



Fucoxanthin, 380. 



Fucus, bilateral symmetry in, 205 ; 

 external characters of, 378 (Fig. 

 280) ; structure of, 378 (Figs. 282, 

 283) ; sexual organs of, 384 (Figs. 

 287, 288) ; fertilisation of, 386 ; 

 young plants of, 387 (Fig. 289) ; 

 gametes of, 385 ; absence of alter- 

 nation in, 387 ; life cycle, 556 ; 

 obconical sporeling of, 589 (Fig. 



445)- 

 Funaria, habitat of, 462 ; sexual 



organs of, 467 (Figs. 362, 363). 

 Fundamental number, that number 



of parts in the flower which rules 



in the construction, so that flowers 



appear tri-merous, tetra-merous, 

 etc., 265. 



Fungal attack, 394 (Fig. 294). 



Fungi, those Thallophytes which are 

 without green chlorophyll, 3, 355, 

 391 ; origin of, 392 ; polyphyletic 

 in origin, 393 ; sex organs in, 398 ; 

 irregular nutrition of, 221 ; intro- 

 ductory, 391 ; early occurrence of, 

 391 ; subaerial adaptations of, 

 446 ; non-septate, 399, 400 ; sep- 

 tate, 399, 420. 



Fungi Imperfecti, those of which the 

 knowledge of the life-cycle is 

 incomplete, 399. 



Fungivorous habit, where a plant is 

 able by digestion to absorb the 

 substances of a fungus into itself ; 

 parallel with the carnivorous habit, 

 232 (Fig. 159). 



Funiculus, the stalk of an ovule, 294 

 (Fig. 216). 



Funkia, leaf of, 351 (Fig. 264) ; sporo- 

 phytic budding in ovule, 587. 



Fusion of parts, of flower, 265. 



Fusion-nucleus, the central nucleus 

 of the embryo-sac, which results 

 from fusion of the two polar 

 nuclei, 298 (Fig. 219). 



Galanthus (Snowdrop), 608. 



Galileo, Principle of Similarity, 591. 



Galium, straggling habit of, 214 ; 

 hooked-fruits of, 328 (Fig. 251). 



Gametangia, 351, 361 ; in Algae, 380. 



Gamete, a sexual cell, 281, 300, 308, 

 352, 544 ; fertilisation by fusion of 

 gametes, 300 ; of Brown Seaweeds, 

 380 (Figs. 284-288) ; of Ulothrix, 

 365 (Fig. 270) ; of Siphonales, 370 

 (Fig. 275) ; non-motile of Conju- 

 gatae, 373 (Fig. 277) ; motile male 

 of Monoblepharis, 411 (Fig. 311) ; 

 protected in Land Plants, 549, 557 ; 

 differentiation of, 558. 



Gametophyte, the sexual phase in the 

 life-history of plants showing alter- 

 nation, 287 ; in Flowering Plants, 

 299 ; haploid, 544 ; its water- 

 relation, 549 ; its rise and de- 

 cadence, 549-55 2 - 



Gametophytic budding, where the 

 gametophyte is reproduced by buds 

 of gemmae from a parent gameto- 

 phyte ; in Ferns, 500 ; in Mosses, 

 466 (Fig. 360). 



Garlic, twisted leaves of, 70 ; quali- 

 ties of fibres of, 178. 



Gasteromycetes, 442. 



