INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



695 



391) ; in Mosses, germination of, 

 463 (Fig. 357) ; of Bacteria, 448 

 (Fig. 347) ; of Fungi, 398, 401. 



Spore-sac, in Mosses, the part of the 

 capsule which originates, nourishes, 

 and directly invests the spores, 469 

 (Fig. 364). 



Sporidia, the tetraspores of Puccima, 



437- 



Sporodinia, 415, 416. 



Sporogenous cells, which give rise to 

 pollen-grains or other spores : in 

 anther, 284. 



Sporogonium, 461 (Fig. 355) ; struc- 

 ture of, 469 (Fig. 364) ; develop- 

 ment of, in Moss, 470 (Fig. 365). 



Sporophylls, leaves bearing sporangia 

 of Ferns, 494. 



Sporophyte, of Bryophyta, 460, 469 ; 

 rise of, 552. 



Sporophytic budding, formation of 

 vegetative buds on the sporophyte, 

 which form new sporophytes, 506 

 (Fig. 400). 



Spotted Orchis, 611 (Figs. 459, 460). 



Spruce, dorsiventral symmetry of 

 lateral branches, 206. 



Spur, 529 (Fig. 178). 



Spurge (Euphorbia), simple flowers 

 of, 256 (Fig. 178) ; 629 (Fig. 479). 



Squill (or Wild Hyacinth), 608. 



Squirting Cucumber, fruit of, 324. 



Stabilisation of the Hofmeisterian 

 Cycle, 547. 



Stamens, the floral part bearing 

 pollen-sacs or microsporangia : 

 collectively the stamens constitute 

 the androecium, 255 ; structure of, 

 281 (Figs. 201-207). 



Staminate, applied to flowers or 

 plants which bear stamens but not 

 carpels, 256 ; by abortion in 

 Lychnis, 270 (Fig. 194). 



Staminode, an aborted stamen : in 

 Lychnis, 271, 622 (Fig. 471). 



Standard flour, 660. 



Staphylococcus, 453. 



Starch-grains, formed in photosyn- 

 thesis, 115 (Fig. 76), 124 (Figs. 81, 

 82) ; storage of, 130 ; conversion 

 to sugar by diastase, 130 (Fig. 85) ; 

 as receivers of the stimulus of 

 gravity, 156 (Fig. 95). 



Statoliths, 156 (Fig. 95). 



Steel, qualities of, 178. 



Stele, the aggregate of vascular 

 tissues in a stem or root, with or 

 without a pith, and limited ex- 

 ternally by an endodermis, 41 

 (Fig. 21) ; of Fern, 485 (Fig. 375) ; 



of root, 84 (Fig. 58) ; fluting of, 

 593 ; size-structure correlation in, 

 Chap, xxxvi., 589. 



Stem, apex of, 16, 18 (Figs. 7, 8) ; 

 tissues of, 40 (Chap, iv.) ; her- 

 baceous, 42 ; aquatic and climbing, 

 47 ; of Monocotyledons, 50; 

 woody, 55. 



Stem-parasitism, as in Dodder, 221, 

 224 (Fig. 151), 225 (Fig. 152). 



Stereum, 446. 



Sterigmata, conical processes upon 

 which conidia or spores are borne, 

 422 (Fig. 320) ; of Puccinia, 432, 

 436 (Fig. 335) ; of Coprinus, 445 



(Fig. 345)- 

 Sterilisation, of an organic medium, 



449 ; theory of, 547. 

 Stigma, the receptive surface of the 



carpel, 292 (Figs. 214, 221, 222). 

 Stimulus, a cause of reaction, 8 ; 



conveyance to a distance, 153. 

 Stipe of Mushroom, 444. 

 Stipules, lateral appendages at base 



of leaf-stalk, prehensile of Smilax, 



216 ; of Lathyrus aphaca, 219 



(Fig. 148), 348. 

 Stomata, breathing pores through the 



epidermis, 73 (Fig. 48), 75 (Fig. 49), 



76 (Figs. 50-53) ; their number, 74 ; 



their position, 76, 77 (Figs. 50, 53) ; 



effect of light on, 102 ; control by 



turgor of, 102-104 (Figs. 70, 71) ; 



closure at night, 104, 105 ; water- 



stomata, 109. 

 Stomium, the point of rupture of a 



Fern sporangium, 498. 

 Stone-cells, with hard woody walls, 



176. 

 Stonecrop, succulent leaves of, 74, 



209. 

 Storage, 114, 130 (Chap, viii.) ; by 



woody stem, 68 ; in parenchyma, 



130 ; its importance in perenna- 



tion, 195. 

 Storage materials, 130. 

 Straggling, methods of, 214 (Fig. 143). 

 Strawberry, runner of, 246 (Fig. 169) ; 



flower of, 633 (Fig. 463) ; fruit of, 



634 (Fig. 463) ; analysis of, 657. 

 Streptococcus, 453. 

 Strobilus, or flower, 554 ; of Arche- 



goniatae, 514 (Figs. 405-406). 

 Struggle for existence, 340. 

 Strut-roots, of Maize, mechanical 



structure of, 191 (Fig. 128). 

 Style, an elongated region often 



intervening between the ovary 



and the stigma, 288 (Fig. 209) ; 



proportionate length of, 292. 



