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aspect, which lies smoothly against the rock. The wings and 

 legs lie folded on the ventral aspect, where the cuticula is very 

 délicate, soft and transparent. The prothorax bears a pair of 

 breathing-organs, projecting dorsaly, each composed of four 

 thin, double-walled plates. 



The pupa is found in the same places as the larva. The 

 pupae are apt to occur like the larvae closely clustered together 

 with the heads pointing up-streams. They cling to the rock by 

 means of six pads, three of each latéral margin of the ventral 

 side of the abdomen. Thèse pads are not like the suckers of 

 the larva whose can be voluntarily loosened, but the perma- 

 ently attach the pupa to the rock. It is not my programm to 

 describe the pupa of every species,especially because they rarely 

 show any spécifie character. 



Geographical distribution. 



The Blepharoceridae are in regard to the geographical dis- 

 tribution very interesting. It has been said that they live only 

 in mountain régions, and there are some in Europe very wide 

 spread species and such, which can be found cnly in certain 

 mountains or valleys. 



For exemple, in Caucasian, nearly every valley has its spécifie 

 species and this is evidentely caused by the local (geographical) 

 isolation : whilst only two species can be found in the whole of 

 the central European mountains. 



I shall again refer to this stiange phenomenon latter. 



Before the war, only two gênera with 3 larval species were 

 described from Europe, whereas many American species were 

 known and described. 



On two excursions in Caucasian and Balkan, I lern of the 

 existens of farther six new species belonging to the genus Lipo- 

 neura and Blepharocera ; of course there are many more species 

 which were not yet been discovered. 



The last year described Prof. HETSCHKO the larva of Hapalo- 

 thrix lugubris. 



That are the ail larva which we hitherto know from the 

 family Blepharoceridae in the whole of the Europe. They are 

 so closely related together that one can very difficult give a 

 practical classification of the named three gênera. 



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