342 LUMINOUS ORGANISMS OF FAR EAST 



"firefly fungus"). According to him, the fruitbody of this fungus is 

 green in color, and the color of the light is blue. Lamellae and 

 spores are luminous. 



In India Dr. Bose (1926, 1930) reported that leaves, stalks, grass 

 roots, and living roots from tlie forests of Bengal were luminous. As 

 the result of pure cultivation from these luminous leaves, he de- 

 cided that the light of leaves might be due to various species of 

 Mycena. 



I have cultivated the luminous mycelium from spores of various 

 luminous fungi and observed and measured the intensity of light, 

 color of light, spectral distribution, and the relation to temperature. 

 This work will be published in a separate paper. 



Other Miscellaneous Luminous Fungi 



Besides the above-mentioned luminous fungi, I collected on my 

 expeditions to tropical countries the following luminous species identi- 

 fied by Dr. Kawamura: Mycena phosphora, Mycena microiUumina, 

 and Marasmius phosphorus from Palao, Mycena vapensis from Yap 

 Island, and Mycena citrinella var. iUumina from Ponape Island. Un- 

 fortimately, these specimens were lost during World War II in Tokyo 

 and therefore have not been reidentified by Dr. Corner. 



The luminous fungi hitherto known all belong to Hymenomyceti- 

 neae, which comprise the families of Agaricaceae and some Polypora- 

 ceae. However, I collected in January, 1940, a minute luminous fungus 

 which Dr. Kawamura identified as belonging to the Nidulariineae, 

 shown in Fig. 3. These minute fungi were found on the bark of 

 Rhizophora mucronata in a mangrove zone in Markyok village of 

 Palao. Under the microscope they can be seen to emit a light, bluish 

 in color. 



Dinoflagellata 



In Japan taxonomical studies of Dinoflagellata have been made by 

 such workers as Nishikawa (1901), Okamura and Nishikawa (1904), 

 Kofoid (1931), and T. H. Abe (1927, 1936, 1940). Many luminous 

 species are known, but in the above reports the luminosity was not 

 recorded. 



