MISCELLANEOUS. 63 



the real cause of Ellis's figures having been of such late recognition by 

 modern naturalists. The observer himself may watch long before the 

 globular head shall relax from its frequent contraction, to shew the minutiae 

 of unconstrained organization. 



This zoophyte seems to dwell in society, when multitudes in their 

 earlier stage are huddled together, in such limited compass, that they have 

 no room to stretch themselves. Probably the stiller and shallower parts 

 of the sea are favourable to their nature. 



The precise position of the Pedicellina in the Systema Naturae is not 

 quite obvious. 



Plate XX. Fig. 1. Pedicellina nutans. 



2. Hydra containing dark substances tossed about. 

 3-7. Hydra. 



8. Disc, mouth, and tentacula, viewed from above. 



9. Specimen with branches from both sides of the stem. 



10. Adult specimen generating young hydrae ; bud, a. 



11. The same farther advanced; the bud, a ; fig. 10, being now 



a hydra, a ; new enlargement, b. 



12. Summit of a stem, with budding hydras in different stages. 

 All the preceding figures, except the first, are enlarged. 



§ 4. Tubularia sultana. — Vol. I. Plate XII. Figs. 12, 13. — A dis- 

 tinguished author, Blumenbach, has incorporated this zoophyte with the 

 genus Tubularia, to which it does not properly belong, and he gives a rude 

 representation of a specimen. 



The Tubularia sultana is one of the few zoophytes inhabiting the 

 fresh-waters of Scotland, but it is of excessive rarity ; nor, amidst the re- 

 searches of above forty years, has more than a single specimen occurred to 

 me. From this, under certain disadvantages, the following description is 

 taken, yet, with the benefit of accurate delineation by an excellent artist, 

 before mentioned, Mr John Welch. Besides, it is always gratifying to be 

 enabled to contribute even the smallest accessions to the Scotish Fauna. 



The specimen rose about five lines high by a short stem, diverging 

 into several branches, about six lines across, and subdividing rather dicho- 



