2i6 DISCOVERY REPORTS 



Dr A. Schellenberg of the Zoologisches Museum, Berlin, I was allowed to examine the 

 animals identified as such from St. 135 east-north-east of Bouvet Island, and from 

 St. 145 north of Enderby Land. They were not E. crystallorophias but E. frigida; 

 Illig's figure of the copulatory organ is certainly not that of E. crystallorophias: it is 

 something like the organ of E. frigida. 



Distribution. The stations at which E. frigida were taken are shown in Figs. 10 

 and II. It occurs throughout the Antarctic Zone from the convergence in the north to 

 the edge of the pack-ice in the south. Our stations in the drift- and pack-ice of the 

 Weddell Sea show that it is not found among and under the ice — except that it occurred 

 at the two northernmost stations, east of the South Sandwich Islands. At these two 

 stations the surface and deep waters were warmer than at the other stations made near 

 them ; they were not so directly in the path of the Weddell Sea Current but were in 

 eddies of warmer water.^ In such latitudes in summer the loosening pack-ice may be 

 carried over water already containing E. frigida. 



The species occurred, but in much smaller numbers than in the Antarctic Zone, at a 

 few sub-Antarctic stations just north of the convergence ; one of them was to the south- 

 east of New Zealand, the others to the south-west of Cape Horn and to the east of the 

 Falklands. They are carried over with the small quantities of Antarctic water that may 

 cross the convergence anywhere at the surface, more particularly in summer; or in a 

 deeper layer by the Antarctic water that sinks below the sub-Antarctic, from which they 

 regain the surface. These water movements across and beneath the convergence are par- 

 ticularly strong in that region, to the east of the Falklands, where E. frigida has been 

 found most frequently to the north of its usual habitat. 



Euphausia superba, Dana (Figs. 13, 14, 16, 30 J) 



E. superba, Dana, 1852, p. 654, pi. Ixiii, figs, i a-o\ Sars, 18S5, p. 84, pi. xiv, figs. 5-9; Holt 

 and Tattersall, 1906, p. 2; Coutiere, 1906, p. 8; Tattersall, 1908, p. 4, pi. i, figs. 1-12; Hansen, 

 1908, pp. 3, 7, pi. i, figs. 4a-;«; Zimmer, 1912, pp. 65-128, pis. viii-xiv, text-figs. 1-5 ; Hansen, 

 191 3, p. 27, pi. iv, figs. 2 «-^; Tattersall, 1913, p. 875; Zimmer, 1914, p. 424; Hansen, 1915, 

 p. 79; Tattersall, 1918, p. 6; 1924, p. 18; lUig, 1930, p. 497; Rustad, 1930, p. 39, figs. 20-26; 

 Ruud, 1932, pp. 20-51, figs. 5-17; Rustad, 1934, pp. n, 34 et seqq.; Mackintosh, 1934, p. 76 

 et seqq.; Hardy and Gunther, 1935, many references. 



E. murrayi, Sars, 1885, p. 82, pi. xiv, figs. 1-4. 



E. antarctica, Sars, 1885, p. 86, pi. xv, figs. 1-8. 



E. glacialis, Hodgson, 1902, p. 236, pi. xxx, figs. 1-8. 



E. australis, Hodgson, 1902, p. 238, pi. xxx, fig. 9. 



Description. This species is the giant of the genus and may be distinguished from 

 all others by the long terminal segment of the mandibular palp which is at least seven 

 times as long as broad, whereas in all others it is short and stout, about three times as 

 long as broad. The setae of the thoracic limbs are much longer than in any other species 

 of the -genus. 



The carapace has a distinct cervical groove, and the part in front of it is faintly convex 



1 A single specimen of E. triacantha was found at each (p. 232). 



