218 DISCOVERY REPORTS 



Towards the Falkland Islands, April 1926 and February 1927: 



St. 46 (N 100 H) 38 at 0-5 m. St. WS 70 (N 100 H) 19 at 0-5 m. 



St. 47 (N 100 H) 104 at 0-5 m. (N 70 V) 215 at 50-0 m. 



St. WS 68 (N 70 V) 18 at 50-0 m. (N 100 H) 9 at 93 m. 



26 at 100-50 m. (N 70 V) 75 at 100-50 m. 



St. WS 69 (N 70 V) 3 at 100-50 m. (N 100 H) 451 at 146 in. 



(N 100 H) 30 at 146 m. (N 70 V) 16 at 250-100 m. 



(N 70 V) 7 at 250-100 m. 1 at 500-250 m. 



7 at 500-250 m. 



22 at 750-500 m. 

 1 at 1000-750 m. 



This distribution is shown in Fig. 94. 



The species has been recorded between the latitudes of 32 15' S and 58 29' S by 

 the Challenger, 1 Belgica, 2 National Antarctic (Discovery), 3 Swedish Antarctic, 4 Gauss 5 

 and Terra Nova 6 Expeditions. 



Rustad (19306) sums up its distribution as follows: 



. . .Practically all the larval stages and young specimens and the greater part of the adult specimens 

 from the Swed. Ant. Exp. have been taken at temperatures between + 8° C. and + io° C. On the 

 other hand, one specimen occurred at about 22 C, and a few specimens at only i° to 2 C, and a 

 specimen from 58 29' S., 89 58' E. (Zimmer, 1914) has possibly been captured in a still lower 

 temperature. The main habitat, however, seems to be a circumpolar belt somewhat to the north of the 

 habitat of E. longirostris. . . . 



At St. WS 20 where a specimen was taken at 190 m. the temperature at 150 m. was 

 — 0-55° C. and at 200 m. + 0-3° C. At St. 136 a specimen was taken at the surface and 

 another between 50 m. and the surface; the temperature at the surface was 1-4° C. and 

 at 50 m. 0-5° C. At St. WS 26 five specimens were taken from water of 0-35° C. and at 

 St. WS 30 four from water of 0-75° C. and four from 134 m. depth when the temperature 

 at 100 m. was — 0-70° C. and at 150 m. — 0-30° C. 



It will be seen that in our area E. vallentini extends farther south than E. longirostris, 

 which was not found south of the line of Antarctic Convergence. 



Its range of depth is seen to be from the surface to below 750 m. Out of the eleven 

 stations at which it occurred in the top 100 m. nine were taken during the hours of 

 darkness; this suggests that this species also may exhibit a diurnal vertical migration. 



It is perhaps worth drawing attention to the fact that we did not meet with a single 

 specimen of E. crystallorophias in this area. This species appears to be confined to higher 

 latitudes than is E. superba ; it has a circumpolar distribution immediately against the 

 Antarctic Continent and in the vicinity of pack-ice. It was taken by the Belgica, 2 

 National Antarctic (Discovery), 3 Gauss, 5 Pourquoi-pas?, 7 Terra Nova 15 and Aurora 8 

 Expeditions, and in more recent Discovery investigations has been met with in large 

 numbers against the ice further south. 



1 Sars (1885). 2 Hansen (1908). 3 Tattersall (1908). 



4 Hansen (1913). 5 Zimmer (1914). 6 Tattersall (1924). 



7 Coutiere (1917). 8 Tattersall (1918). 



