THE ANGIOSPERMAE 



1499 



Fig. 1 37 1. — Anoxagorea javanica. 

 Annonaceae. Inner end of a 

 ruminate fold of the integu- 

 ment, in contact with the endo- 

 sperm. (After Corner.) 



Fio. 1372. — Anuoua squamosa. A, Trans- 

 median longitudinal section of the seed 

 with the ruminate folds of the inner inte- 

 gument shown by the heavy line. B, 

 Median section, at right angles to A, 

 showing the absence of folding in this 

 plane. The seed has a caruncle which is 

 shown striped. {After Corner.) 



(in Dicotyledons) is directed towards the chalaza. 

 The simplest form and position of the embryo are 

 straight and median but there are many compli- 

 cations. We have already referred to the lateral 

 displacement of the embryo in many seeds and its 

 causation. Curvature of the embryo is necessarily 

 imposed where the embryo sac is curved, as in 

 campylotropous and amphitropous ovules, but 

 curved embryos may also arise in orthotropous 

 ovules, as in the above-mentioned case of Polygonum 

 aviciilare, where the different angles of the seed coat 

 appear to influence the growth of the embryo. In P. 

 fagopyriim {Fagopyrum esculentum), on the other 

 hand, all the angles are alike, and the embryo is not 

 displaced but is median and complexly folded. 



No doubt the shapes of seed and fruit do, 

 mechanically or otherwise, influence the position of 

 the embryo in many plants, as may be deduced 



Fig. 1373. — Verbasciiiu uiontammi. A, Longi- 

 tudinal, and B, transverse sections of the 

 seed, the folding of the inner integument 

 shown by the heavy line. [After Schmid.) 



