CLUPEIDAE 37 



CLUPEIDAE 



Key to the South American species of Clupea 

 I. Pelvic fins 8-rayed; ventral scutes feebly keeled and not sharply pointed. 



A. 38 to 40 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch; depth 4 to 5, head 4 to 4J in length; 

 eye nearly 4 in head fuegensis, Jenyns. 



B. 75 to 95 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch; depth 3 A to 4, head 3 \ to 3I in length; 



eye 4J to 4! in head bentincki, Norman 



II. Pelvic fins 7-rayed; ventral scutes strongly keeled and acutely pointed; 25 to 30 gill-rakers 

 on lower part of anterior arch. 



A. Anal 22-23 ; depth 3 to 3 5 in length ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• arcuata, Jenyns. 



B. Anal 17-20; depth 3 \ to 4 in length ... ... ... melanostoma, Eigenmann. 



Clupea fuegensis, Jenyns. 



1842, Zool. 'Beagle', Fish., p. 133; Giinther, 1868, Cat. Fish., vn, p. 413; Smitt, 1898, Bih. Sv. 

 Vet.-Akad. Handl., xxiv, iv, No. 5, p. 59, pi. v, fig. 41 ; Regan, 1913, Trans. R. Soc. Edinb., 

 xlix, p. 231; Hussakof, 1914, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxm, p. 88; Regan, 1916, 

 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xvm, p. 4. 



Clupea arcuata, Vaillant, 1888, Miss. Sci. Cap Horn, vi. Zool., Poiss., p. 16, pi. ii, fig. 2. 



2. ii. 27. Stanley Harbour, Falklands. Hand net, surface: 3 specimens, 1 12-132 mm. 



St. WS 86. 3. iv. 27. 53 53' 30" S, 60° 34' 30" W. Commercial otter trawl, 151-147111.: 

 3 specimens, 168-195 mm - 



St. WS 89. 7. iv. 27. 9 miles N 21 E of Arenas Point Light, Tierra del Fuego. Commercial 

 otter trawl, 23-21 m. : 3 specimens, 73-91 mm. 



St. WS 214. 31.V. 28. 48 25' S, 6o° 40' W. Net (7 mm. mesh) attached to back of trawl, 

 208-219 m.: 5 specimens, 52-60 mm. 



St. WS 220. 3. vi. 28. 47° 56' S, 62 38' W. Net (7 mm. mesh) attached to back of trawl, 108- 

 104 m.: 13 specimens, 50-69 mm. 



St. WS 223. 8. vi. 28. 49° 13' S, 64 52' W. Net (7 mm. mesh) attached to back of trawl, 114 m.: 

 1 specimen, 45 mm. 



St. WS 242. 17. vii. 28. 51 06' S, 66° 30' W. Nets (4 and 7 mm. mesh) attached to back of 

 trawl, 119-119 m.: 4 specimens (150-165 mm.). 



St. WS 749. 18. ix. 31. 52 39' 30" S, 69 53' 30" W. 1 m. tow-net, 16-0 m.: 25 specimens, 

 45-55 mm. 



St.WS762. 16. x. 31. 43 50' S, 65 01' 51" W. Commercial otter trawl, 67-65 m.: 40 specimens, 

 100-170 mm. 



St. WS 781. 6. xi. 31. 50° 30' S, 58 50' W. Commercial otter trawl, 148 m.: 3 specimens, 

 180-205 mm. 



St. WS851. 11.ii.32. 5i°39'3o"S, 62°oi'i5"W. Commercial otter trawl, 221-1971x1.: 

 15 specimens, 165-195 mm. 



Depth of body 4 to 5 in the length, length of head 4 to \\. Snout as long as or a 

 little longer than eye, diameter of which is nearly 4 in length of head. Maxillary 

 extending nearly or quite to below middle of eye. An elongate patch of minute teeth 

 on tongue; usually a series on palatines; vomer toothless. 38 to 42 gill-rakers on lower 

 part of anterior arch. Praeoperculum narrower than operculum, which is as broad as 

 diameter of eye. About 50 scales in a longitudinal and 14 in a transverse series ; ventral 

 scutes feebly keeled and not sharply pointed, 22-25 + 10-13. Dorsal 16-19. Anal 



