SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT 279 



Observed at Sts. 368, 461, 475, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 501, 502, 503, 505, 506, 

 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 544, 575, 577, 578, 580; WS469, 474, 481; MS 86, 99. 



Genus Cerataulina H. Peragallo ex Schiitt 

 Schutt, 1896 



[Cerataulina H. Peragallo, 1892] 



The name Cerataulina was first used by H. Peragallo in his Monograph of the genus 

 Rhizosolenia (1892). The following quotation is taken from his work. 



C'est a ce genre que j'ai rapporte sous le nom de Cerataulus Bergonii une petite forme pelagique 

 tres abondante dans la recolte pelagique 59-60 des series Tempere et Peragallo.. . . Les deux ap- 

 pendices sont munis de petites epines. Les caracteres de cette espece seraient peut-etre assez distinct 

 de ceux des vrais Cerataulus pour en faire un genre particulier, Cerataulina, caracterise par la longueur 

 toujours relativement grande et l'annulation constante de la zone. 



Peragallo seems to have been in considerable doubt whether the characters enumer- 

 ated would be sufficiently constant or definite to provide for the establishment of a new 

 genus. This is brought out more clearly by the fact that he did not make, in any place, 

 the combination Cerataulina Bergonii. The figure he provided (pi. 1, fig. 16) was named 

 Cerataulus (Cerataulina) Bergonii. In view of the doubt expressed by Peragallo in the 

 above quotation and the fact that the name Cerataulina was not used by him in the 

 correct generic sense in describing a type species, the authorship of the genus cannot be 

 credited to Peragallo. 



The genus Cerataulina was described by Schutt (1896, p. 95). Cerataulina Bergonii 

 was figured upon p. 96, fig. 165, based upon Cerataulus Bergonii Peragallo, 1892, p. 103, 

 pi. 13, figs. 15, 16. Schutt apparently was unaware that the organism had been pre- 

 viously described by Cleve (1889) under Zygoceras? pelagicum. I consequently give 

 Cerataulina pelagica (Cleve) Hendey as the type of the genus Cerataulina Schutt, as 

 Cleve 's epithet was the earlier. 



Cerataulina pelagica (Cleve) Hendey, comb.nov. 



Zygoceras? pelagicum Cleve, 1889, p. 54. 



Cerataulina Bergonii (H. Peragallo) Schutt, 1896, p. 95. 



Cerataulus (Cerataulina) Bergonii H. Peragallo, 1892, p. 103, figs. 15, 16. 



Cells cylindrical, pervalvar axis usually twice or three times the diameter. Cells 

 united to form chains, often twisted. Valves slightly convex, furnished with two short, 

 stout cylindrical processes. Processes opposite, terminated with a short spine. Valve 

 mantle short. Girdle composed of intercalary bands, seen only with great difficulty. 

 Chromatophores : numerous cocciform bodies. Nucleus often pressed against the cell 

 wall. Cells very weakly siliceous. Diameter of valve 36-56/j.; pervalvar axis 70-130/x. 



This species is common in the neritic plankton of warm seas. It is found also in North 

 European seas and Scottish lochs. 



Peragallo (1892, p. 103) first used the name Cerataulina, but the figure provided was 

 described as Cerataulus (Cerataulina) Bergonii. Cleve (1894, p. 11) referring to this 



D XVI 17 



