72 E. A. Vainio, Pyrenocarpeae. 



Apotheciis minoribus et peritheciis dimidiatis a „V. marga- 

 cea" differt. — - Perithecium (sub microscopio) subrubricoso-fuligi- 

 neum, basi distincte albidum. Nucleus jodo vulgo dilutissime 

 subroseus. 



35. V. ceuthocarpa Wahlenb. 



in Ach. Meth. Lich. Suppl. (1803) p. 22, Lien. Univ. (1810) p. 283, 

 Syn. Lich. (1814) p. 93; Wahlenb. Fl. Lapp. (1812) p. 467; Th.Fr.Lieh. 

 Arct. (1860) p. 269, Lich. Spitsb. (1867) p. 50; Nyl. Lich. Scand. (1861) 

 p. 274, Enum. Lich. Fret. Behr. (1888) p. 16; Rothr. List Lich. Alaska 

 (1884) p. 9; Almq. Lich. Ki'ist. Beringsm. (1887) p. 525; Deichm. 

 Branth et Groenl. Groenl. Lich. (1888) p. 511; Vain. Lich. Exp. 

 Veg. Pitlek. (1909) p. 8, 9, 163; Hayren Ub. Landv. Tvarm. (1914) p. 47. 



Exs. Havaas Lich. Exs. Norv. (1911) n. 419. 



Thallus sat crassus aut modice incrassatus, ad ambitum 

 tenuior, subcontinuus aut laceratus aut rimosus vel areolatus, 

 areolis difformibus, majoribus minoribusve, sat laevigatus 

 aut leviter inaequalis, fusco- aut olivaceo- aut pallide oliva- 

 ceo-nigricans, opacus, intus subtusque albidus, hypotballo 

 indistincto. Apothecia in partibus fertilibus crebra, thallo 

 immersa, vertice prominente, hemisphaerico, nigro, Q.i — 0.» 

 mm lato. Perithecium globosum, 0.3 — O.22 mm latum, lateri- 

 bus rotundatis, superne fusco-fuligineum, inferne albidum, 

 margine ostiolari haud prominente, ostiolo parvo. Sporae 

 subglobosae aut ellipsoideae aut rarius globosae, long. 

 O.006—O.012, crass. O.005 — O.009 mm. 



Distr. In saxis graniticis et gneissaceis (etiam calcariis 

 in Sibiria) littoralibus aqua marina irrigatis crescit. Nylan- 

 dia: Stenspiken, Ostra Mellanspiken, Segelskar et Sonbadan 

 in Tvarminne (E. Hayren), Siiomenlinna (V. Rasanen) et Mjo- 

 16 (Vain.) prope Helsingforsiam. Norvegia: ad Lyngenfjord 

 (J. P. Norrlin) et alibi. 



Specimina Fennica Norvegicaque a me visa ad f. areolato- 

 diffractam Vain. (1. c. p. 164) pertinent, thallo areolato, sat laevi- 

 gato, fusconigricante instructam. Thallus fere totus gonidia con- 

 tinens aut inferne gonidiis destitutus, hyphis praesertim in parte 

 inferiore verticalibus constipatisque, O.003 — O.005 mm crassis, cellu- 

 lis rectangularibus, saepe paullo longioribus, quam latae, membra- 

 nis modice incrassatis aut tenuibus. Gonidia pleurococcoidea, 

 globosa, diarn. O.oie— O.007 mm, p. p. ellipsoidea, saepe etiam 2 — 4- 



