38 E. A. Vainio, Pyrenocarpeae. 



minoribus confluentibus, vulgo depresso-convexis formatae 



(partim verruculae etiam dispersae planaeque), cervinae vel 



cervino-fuscescentes, opacae, hypothallo tenui nigricante 



conspicuo. Apothecia dispersa aut sat crebra, thallo im- 



mersa, vertice perithecii denudato, demum prominente et 



verrucam O.25— O.20 mm latam, nigram, convexam formante. 



Perithecium globosum, violaceo-fuscescens, integrum, sat 



tenue, latere rotundato, margine ostiolari haud prominente, 



ostiolo parvo. Sporae ellipsoideae, long. O.01- (,,—0.025" sec. 



Nyl.), crass. O.009 („— O.013") mm. 



Distr. Loco aprico in rupe marmorea in Ruskeala in 



Karelia Ladogensi (J. P. Norrlin). In thallo Nyl. etiam 



„Endococcum gemmiferum" observavit. 



Gonidia pleurococcoidea, globosa, vulgo simplicia, diam. 

 O.010 — O.006 mm, membrana sat tenui. Thallus superne strato 

 corticali instructus circ. O.014 mm crasso, plectenparenchymatico, 

 leptodermatico, cellulis 0. 005— 0. 003 mm latis. Perithecium plecten- 

 parenchymaticum. Nucleus jodo dilute violasceus. Periphyses 

 long. circ. O.015, crass. O.003 mm. Paraphyses in gelatinam dif- 

 fluxae, striis indicatae. Species est dubia, colore thalli et 



perithecio integro et hypothallo nigricante a V. virente Nyl. 

 differens et habitu ad V. aethiobolam var. verruculiferam acce- 

 dens. Arn. Lich. Exs. n. 1448 partim ei habitu est similis. 



4. V. umbrinula Nyl. 



Fl. 1870 p. 37; Hue Addend. II (1888) p. 280; Norrl. Ber. Torn. 

 Lapp. (1873) p. 343; Vain. Fl. Tav. Or. (1878) p. 120. Lich. Vib. (1878) 

 p. 71, Adj. Lich. Lapp. II (1883) p. 172. Lithoicea umbrinula Arn. Lich. 

 Tirol XXI (1880) p. 146. Verrucaria nigrescens Nyl. Lich. Lapp. Or. (1866) 

 p. 189 (nee Pers., nee Ach.); Norrl. Fl. Kar. Oneg. II (1876) p. 39, 

 Symb. Fl. Ladog.-Kar. (1878) p. 32. V. rejecta Th. Fr. Lich. Spitsb. (1867) 

 p. 50 (f'orsan p. p.). 



Thallus modice incrassatus aut tenuis, verruculoso- 

 inaequalis aut e granulis connatis constans, areolato-dif- 

 fractus aut dispersus, umbrinus aut umbrino-nigricans aut 

 raro subolivaceus, opacus, hypothallo indistincto. Apothecia 

 sat crebra aut dispersa, verrucas formantia O.15— 0.2o(„ — O.23") 

 mm latas, conoideo-hemisphaericas, parte inferiore amphi- 

 thecio thallino tenui obductas. Perithecium subglobosum, 



