296 DISCOVERY REPORTS 



like projection appears after the outgrowth of the tentacle ; at first it is like a single cell ; 

 the septa, one by one, are formed later. 



This medusa is quite distinct from O. mulHcia, described above; it closely agrees 

 with the description and figures of Eucope diaphana A. Agassiz (1865, p. 83, figs. 1 1 5-25) 

 and was first referred to that North American species which, however, is now generally 

 supposed to be identical with Obelia geniculata (L.). 



Genus Phialella Browne (1902) 



Generic characters. " Eucopidae" with eight adradial marginal statocysts, each with 

 two or more statoliths and situated on the margin of the umbrella between two tentacles. 

 Many tentacles with hollow basal bulbs. No marginal cirri. A gonad on each of the 

 four radial canals. Stomach not on a peduncle. Velum well developed. 



This genus was established in 1902 with Phialella falklandica n.sp. as the genotype, 

 also to comprise the British species Ph. cymbaloidea { = quadrat a +globosn Forbes). 

 There has been some doubt as to the correct name of this genus. Mayer (1910, p. 234) 

 introduced the generic name Eucope Gegenbaur for a number of species with E. globosa 

 (Forbes) as the genotype and including also E. falklandica (Browne). Eucope, in the 

 sense of Gegenbaur (1856, p. 241), however, comprised a number of species all of which 

 belonged to other previously known genera {Phialidium, Clytia, Obelia) ; it is, there- 

 fore, a synonym of these genera and must not be used for species belonging to other 

 genera. Accordingly Keferstein and Ehlers (1861, p. 88) were wrong in referring their 

 new species Eucope picta to Eucope Gegenbaur. Haeckel (1879, p. 168) established a 

 new genus, Eiicopium, comprising three species, primordiale n.sp., pictum Keferstein and 

 Ehlers, and quadratum Forbes. Thus Eucopium is the first really new generic name used 

 for Forbes 's medusa and might be considered to have the priority over Phialella 

 Browne. As, however, Rees (1939, p. 441) has recently selected Eucopium primordiale 

 Haeckel as the genotype of Eucopium, and this is a doubtful species which is not 

 cogeneric with quadratum Forbes, Eucopium must be cancelled, and the next generic 

 name, Phialella Browne, adopted as the generic name of Ph. quadrata Forbes and the 

 closely related Ph. falklandica Browne, with the latter as the genotype. 



Phialella falklandica Browne (Plate XVII, figs. 2-4; Plate XIX, figs. 3-5; Fig. i). 



Phialella falklandica Browne, 1902, p. 282. 

 Eucope falklandica Mayer, 1910, p. 237. 

 Phialella sp. Benham, 1909, p. 307, pi. 12, figs. 3-6. 

 Phialella falklandica Vanhoffen, 19 126, p. 21. 

 non Phialella falklandica Vanhoffen, 1911, p. 223. 



Specific characters. Adult (Plate XVII, fig. 2): Umbrella semi-globular, little 

 broader than high, with thick walls. Stomach short and quadrangular. Mouth with four 

 lips and a fimbriated margin. Gonads hanging down in wavy folds, occupying nearly 

 the whole length of the four radial canals, not touching the stomach and not extending 

 quite down to the margin of the umbrella. Tentacles sixty to seventy, with large basal 



