326 DISCOVERY REPORTS 



The Director of Research has kindly allowed me to insert in this Report an account 

 of Turbinolia australiensis n.sp., the first species of the genus obtained alive. 



LIST OF SPECIES 



Fam. FLABELLIDAE. Fam. TURBINOLIDAE. 



Flabellum harmeri Gard. Caryophyllia mabaliiUii Gard. and Waugh. 



F. ciirratum Moseley. Tiirbmolia australiensis n.sp. 

 Gardineria antarctica Gard. Sphenotrochus intermedins (Munster). 



G. lilliei Gard. Deltocyathus lens Alcock. 

 Fam. TURBINOLIDAE. Fam. STYLOPHORIDAE. 



Desmophxllum capense Gard. Madracis decactis (Lyman). 



Caryophyllia cyathtis (E. and S.). Fam. EUPSAMMIDAE. 

 C. profunda Moseley. Dendrophyllia oahensis Vaughan. 



C. arcuata Ed. and H. Balanophyllia cormi (Moseley). 



Genus Flabellum^ 



The corals of this genus have no theca and hence no costae, no pali and no columella, 

 any central filling in being by trabeculae from the larger septa. Its epithecal wall is 

 little thickened, except where the internal polyp is stimulated by destruction of the 

 same to deposit additional corallum to heal the wounds. In growth it precedes the forma- 

 tion of septa and, externally, commonly shows rather irregular transverse lines of growth. 

 Some species remain attached, others become detached, while in a third group (cp. 

 nibnim) the coral breaks off above its basal attachment leaving a distinct scar showing 

 I or 2 cycles of septa ; very exceptionally the third method may be found in a species 

 which normally is attached or free (cp. curvatum below). The number and size of the 

 septal cycles vary, but hexamery is universal, no variation having been found either in 

 young or old. The septa increase by the formation of new cycles during growth, these 

 appearing as two new septa on either side of each septum of the last formed cycle, viz. 

 alternating with the pre-existing septa. Each species aims at a definite number of 

 cycles, but this is occasionally passed in the species with flattened calices by the forma- 

 tion of new septa on either side of the terminal directive septa, these being necessary for 

 the filling up of gaps in the calices, in which the septa are always regularly spaced. 



Flabellum harmeri Gardiner. 



Brit. Ant. (' Terra Nova') Exp. 1910, Zool. v, 122, I 19-20 (1929). 



St. 170, 342 m. 



A single dead specimen, 49 mm. high, calice 56' 25 mm., summits of side walls 

 12 mm. higher than ends, 24 larger and equal septa and cycles I-V complete with at 

 the ends of the calice some of cycle VI. No trabeculae in the axial fossa are visible from 

 the surface. The base is broken across and there are 12 septa in the section. The strongest 

 features of separation from airvatn?n below lie in the size, the equality of septa I-III and 



1 For a general consideration of the genus and some species I may refer to Marine Inv. S. Africa, 11, 

 ^-^^^ i_iv, 1902 and Rec. bid. Mus. pp. 301-16 (1929). I have examined the polyps of several species without 

 finding specific characteristics in the polyps other than those indicated by their coralla. 



