Cell 



Cenanthy 



tion takes place by the formation 

 of two or more protoplasmic bodies 

 out of one; -^ Nu'cleus, an organ- 

 ized stnicture within the cell, the 

 active agent in division, usually 

 spherical in form, and of higher 

 refractive power than the rest of the 

 cell-contents ; --' Plate, formed by 

 the thickening of threads of kino- 

 plasm, marking out the future 

 septa ; -^ Bows, have the cells in 

 contact by their ends, thus mak- 

 ing a filament; -^ Sap, a watery 

 solution of various substances, salts, 

 sugars, alkaloids, and the like ; '-' 

 Snr'faces, where the cells form a 

 single layer, as in some Algae ; '~ 

 Tis'sue, distinguished from vascular 

 tissue by being made up of cells 

 only ; '~ Wall, a closed membrane, 

 formed of cellulose, and a small 

 proportion of mineral substances, 

 originated by the layer of proto- 

 plasm which lines it, frequently 

 thickened by secondary deposits ; — 

 Hinge -' = Hinge-cell ; Prim- 

 ordial '^, a cell previous to the 

 creation of a cell-wall ; Stalk ~ = 

 Stalk-cell. 

 Ceria (Lat., storeroom), (1) Sc(^oli's 

 name for the fruit of CouroupUa, 

 Aubl. ; (2) J a form of perithecium 

 in Fungi (Lindley) ; Cellase, an 

 enzyme which reduces Cellose; 

 celUf' erous i/ero, I bear), bearing or 

 producing cells ; Cellobi'ose formerly 

 Cel'lose, a sugar stated to have 

 nearly the same composition as 

 Cellulose ; Ceriol (cellula, a cell), 

 Blair's term for anther ; cel'lular, 

 cellula' ris, consisting of cells, 

 spongy : ~ Bark, <-' Eiiverope, the 

 middle layer of the bark, meso- 

 phloeum ; '- Plants, plants which 

 do not possess vascular tissue ; non- 

 vascular Cryptogams ; ^ Spore = 

 Sporidesm ; Cellula'res ; (1) plants 

 which are built up of cells only, as 

 those last mentioned ; (2) the term 

 has been applied to all plants built 

 up of cells, in opposition to non-cellu- 

 lar or unicellular ; Ceriule, Cel'lula, 

 diminutive of cell ; Ceriales, pi. , 



69 



used by J. E. Smith for Cistulae ; 

 cellulif erons {fero, I bear), bearing 

 or producing cellules ; Ceriolin, 

 Pringsheim's term for a modifica- 

 tion of cellulose; --' Grains, bodies 

 found in vegetative hyphae ; Cellulo'- 

 sae, Corda's name for Sporidesm ; 

 Ceriulose, (1) a carbohydrate, the 

 chief organic base of the cell-wall ; 

 (2) Diatom valves composed of 

 cellules are termed cellulose, a 

 synonym of cellular ; (3) an 

 enzyme occurring in Polyporus and 

 Merulius which attacks woody 

 tissues ; Cel'luloses, a generic term 

 for the carbohydrate group above 

 mentioned; divided by chemists 

 into sub-groups, as Adipoceriuloses. 

 {adeps, adipis, fat), consisting of 

 cuticular tissues of leaves and fruits 

 and of cork; Hemiceriuloses, all 

 carbohydrates in the cell-wall which 

 are not coloured blue by chlor-zinc- 

 iodide, such as reserve-cellulose, etc. ; 

 Lignoceriuloses, lignin combined 

 with cellulose, as in Jute fibre ; 

 Metacelluloses, in Fungi and 

 Lichens ; the fangine of Braconnot ; 

 Paraoel'luloses, the cellulai- tissue 

 and epidermal cells of leaves ; Pecto- 

 celluloses, composed of pectic acids 

 and cellulose, such as the purified 

 bast of Russian flax. — Other modi- 

 fications are named but not charac- 

 terized by Messrs. Cross and Bevan 

 in their work "Cellulose," 1895, as 

 Cuto-, Hydra-, Hydro-, Muco-.Hitro-, 

 Pseudo-celluloses. Fung'us-ceriu- 

 lose=CHiTiN; Beserve' '-', cellu- 

 lose which is stored up as a food- 

 supply ; cellulo'sic, composed of 

 Cellulose ; Cellxilo'side, a mixture 

 of cellulose and pectose, composing 

 the primitive cell-wall (Green) ; 

 cellulo'so-plic'ate, folded so as to 

 form small cells (Phillips). 



Cement'-disk, the retinaculum in 

 Orchids. 



Cementa'tion, union of the membranes 

 of hyphae by a slip of cementing 

 substance, concrescence; in German, 

 Verklebung. 



Cenanth'y {Kiv6s, empty ; aydoi, a 



