Carposporeae 



Catabolism 



pliytes, of plants which produce 

 spore-fruit as the result of fertiliza- 

 tion ; Carp'ospore {airopa, a seed) ; 

 (1) a spore; (2) a spherical uninuclear 

 spore formed in a sporocarp, arising 

 from the swollen tips of branched 

 filaments resulting from the fertiliza- 

 tion of the cai"pogonium ; (3) used 

 by Clements for a plant possessing 

 chaflfy pappus; adj. carpospor'ic ; 

 Carp'ostome, Carpostom'ium {ffr6fia, 

 the mouth), the opening in the 

 cystocarp of some Algae; Carp'o- 

 Btrotes, -ae {(rrpwrhs, spread), plants 

 whose distribution is eftected by 

 fruits (Clements) ; Carpot'ropism 

 {rpoir^, a turning), the movements 

 of fruits before or after pollination ; 

 adj. carpotrop'ic ; Carpozy'gote ( + 

 Zygote) = Zygospore. 



Carr, an association of scattered trees 

 and shrubs progressing from fen to 

 scrub (Tansley) ; Fen '- , ultimate 

 stage of fen formation ; Swamp -^ , 

 occurs on edge of water as a Swamp- 

 wood. 



Car'ragheen Moss, chiefly of Chondrus 

 crispus, Ag. 



Carth'amice, red colouring-matter from 

 flowers of Carthamus tinctorius, Linn. 



cartilag'inons, cartilagin'cus (Lat., 

 gristly), hard and tough, as the skin 

 of an apple-pip. 



Caruncle, Carunc'ula (Lat., a little 

 piece of flesh), a wart or protuber- 

 ance near the hilum of a seed ; 

 caranc'ulate, caruncala'tus, possess- 

 ing a caruncle ; camncala'ris = 



CAEUNCULATE. 



Caryog'amy {Kdpvov, a nut ; yd/xos, 

 marriage), the fusion of male and 

 female nuclei; adj. caxyogamlc ; 

 Caryokine'sis or Caryocine'sis 

 (Crozier) = Karyokinesis ; nuclear 

 division ; caryologlc {\6yos, dis- 

 course), relating to the nucleus ; 

 caryolyt'ic {XvriKhs, able to loose), 

 relating to nuclear dissolution ; Cary- 

 omi'tome ( -f- Mitom), the chromatin 

 portion of the nucleus. 



oaryophylla'ceous, -cetis, relating to the 

 Caryophyllaceae ; caryophyireous, 

 -lous, used of a corolla having petals 



with a long claw as in Dianthus 

 Caryophyllus, Linn., whence the 

 name ; caryophylla'tus, = the same. 



Car'yoplasm {Kdpvov, a nut = nucleus ; 

 irKdaua, moulded), Vuillemin's term 

 for the plasma of the nucleus; 

 caryopsid'eus (Mod. Lat.), like a 

 Cariopsis ; Caryop'sis {oypis, resem- 

 blance) = Cariopsis ; Caryorhex'y 

 i}>V^i5, a breaking), the loss or dis- 

 solution of a nucleus ; Car'yosomes 

 {awfitt, the body), the constituents 

 of the nucleus (Vuillemin). 



cascarill'us (Lat.), the colour of the 

 inner bark of Cascarilla (Heyne). 



Cas'ein, see Plant-casein. 



Caspa'rian Dots, markings on the cell- 

 walls of the endodermis oiDianthera; 

 they are named after R. Caspary. 



Casque = Galea. 



cassid'eous, -eus (cassis, a helmet), 

 helmet-shaped, as the upper sepal 

 in Aconitum. 



cas'sus (Lat., empty), empty, as an 

 anther destitute of pollen. 



casta'neus (Lat. ), chestnut-coloured. 



cast'ing, prematurely shedding leaves, 

 or fruit. 



cas'trate, castra'tus (Lat. , gelded), said 

 of a defective part, as a filament 

 Avithout an anther ; Castra'tion, in 

 botany, (1) removal of anthers for 

 artificial crossing ; (2) the action of 

 Ustilago, etc. , on Lychnis and allied 

 genera ; divided into amphig'enous 

 '^ , transformation in either stamens 

 or pistils ; androg'enous -^ , produc- 

 tion of anthers ; thelyg'ynous '~ , 

 production of pistils in male-host. 



Casts, fossils showing the impressions 

 of the structures whence their forms 

 are derived ; medullary -- , impres- 

 sions of the internal cavities of 

 Catamites, etc. 



Cas'ual {casicalis, fortuitous), H. C. 

 Watson's term for an occasional 

 weed of cultivation, which is not 

 naturalized. 



catabol'ic, (kot^, down ; fi6\os,. a 

 throw), adj. of Catab'olism, destruc- 

 tive metabolism of the protoplasm, 

 or Ihe formation of simpler sub- 

 stances from more complex, accom- 



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