SmfitiltuB 



superior 



lengthened gives rise to the term 

 Bui' bus sufful'tus (Endlicher). 



fiu'gar, a group of sweet, crystalline 

 substances and soluble in water 

 (sucroses and glucoses) ; Beet ~ , 

 extracted from specially selected 

 strains of Beta vulgaris, Linn. ; 

 Cane '^, or saccharose, from Sac- 

 charum officinarum, Linn. ; Fruit '^ 

 = Laevulose ; Grape -^ *= Glu- 

 cose or Dextrose ; Inver'ted -^ , 

 occurs in some ripe fruits and 

 honeydew ; Ma'ple --' , from Acer 

 saccharinnm, Wangenh. ; Palm '^ , 

 from species of Arenga, etc. 



Burcate, sulca'Lus (Lat., furrowed), 

 grooved or fuiTOwed. 



Surci, pi. of Sul'cus, (1) small grooves 

 or FossuLAE in some Diatom valves ; 

 (2) lamellae of certain Fungi (Lind- 

 ley) ; sul'dform {forma, shape) = 



8ULCATE. 



Bulfu'reous, etc., see sulphureous, 

 etc. 



Sulphobacter'ia [sulphur, brimstone, 

 -j- Bacteria), those microbes which 

 reduce sulphur out of its solutions ; 

 Sulphofica'tion, the production of 

 sulphur by bacteria (Lipman) ; 

 surphur-coroured = sulphureous ; 

 '*' Bain, pollen from pines brought 

 by currents of air ; Sulphurar ia, 

 Planchard's name for Algae which 

 reduce sulphates from waters con- 

 taining those salts ; Bulphurel'lus, 

 slightly sulphur-coloured ; sulphu'- 

 reous, -reus, the colour of brimstone, 

 a very pale yellow ; sulphures'cens, 

 becoming sulphur-coloured ; buI- 

 phnri'nuB, sulphury in tint. 



Surn'mer-ipore, any spore which ger- 

 minates quickly, and retains its 

 vitality a short time only, as conidia 

 and uredospores, in contrast to 

 winter- or resting-spores ; -^ -wood, 

 that formed during the middle of 

 the growing season. 



Sum'mit, used by Grew and his suc- 

 cessors for Anther. 



Sun-leaves, leaves adapted to develop 

 in full exposure to the sun ; ~ 

 -plants, plants which prefer full 

 sun-light ; their stems are often | 



371 



short, and their leaves have the 

 palisade cells well-developed (Willis). 



su'per (Lat. ), above ; often modified 

 into supra- ; superagrar'ian (+ 

 agrarian), a name applied to a 

 zone which includes the region of 

 vegetation in Great Britain above 

 the limits of cultivation ; super- 

 arc'tic, those plants which are 

 confined to the highest zone in 

 Great Britain, the most alpine of 

 the flora in our islands ; super- 

 axil'lary, superaxilla'ris (-f axil- 

 lary), growing above an axil ; 

 supercompos'ituB = supracompos- 

 I Tus ; Supercres'cence {cresco, I 

 grow), thestateof apara3ite(Crozier) ; 

 supercres'cent, growing above or on 

 another body ; superdecom'pound 

 = supRADECOMPOUND ; Superfe- 

 cunda'tion (+ Fecundation), the 

 union of more than two gamete^j 



Superficia'les, pi. {super ficialis, on the 

 surface), applied to leptosporangiate 

 Ferns, with sori arising from the 

 surface of the frond (Bower) ; cf. 

 Marginales. 



superficial 'ius (Lat., on another's 

 land), on the surface of an organ. 



Superficies (Lat., the surface), Cor'- 

 poris, '-' Placenta'ris, "the hy- 

 menium of certain Fungals " (Lind- 



ley). 



Super'flua, pi. of Super'fluum {super- 

 Jiuus, overflowing), a Linnean order 

 of Syngenesia(Compositae), contain- 

 ing plants Avith the florets of the 

 disk hermaphrodite, and those of 

 the ray female. 



Superfoeta'tion {super, above ; fetus, 

 pregnant), the fertilization of an 

 ovary by more than one kind of 

 pollen ; superfolia'ceous = supra- 

 FOLiACEOUs ; superfo'lius = supra- 

 folius ; Su'performs, in Rosa, those 

 with doubly serrated leaves and 

 glandular calyx-segments(Almquist). 



supe'rior (Lat., higher), (1) growing 

 or placed above ; (2) also in a 

 lateral flower on the side next the 

 axis : the posterior or upper lip of 

 a corolla is the superior; '~ O'vary, 

 when all the floral envelopes are 



