Smut 



SolatioA 



various species of Ustil'ago ; '~ 

 Spores, reproductive bodies of 

 Ustilagineae. 



Snail-plants, those which are supposed 

 to be fertilized by snails and slugs, 

 malacophilous plants. 



snow-white, white of absolute purity, 

 iiiveus. 



Snow-flushes, pi. (Germ. Schneetal- 

 chen), dark patches of soil, due to 

 accumulated deposit from melting 

 snow, the vegetation is knoNsn as 

 as Anthelietum ; '-' -leaves, Jung- 

 ner's name for certain leaves which 

 are thin or leathery, folded in the 

 bud, and with no pulvinus; winter- 

 leaves; '-' -patch-flor'a = •-'-flushes. 



Sob'ole, SoVoles (Lat., a sprout), a 

 shoot, especially from the gi-ound ; 

 Boboliferous {fero, I bear), bearing 

 vigorous shoots. 



Sobri'niform {sobrinus, a cousin, -\- 

 Form), a Versiform which belongs 

 to a Subgregiform, as Ruhus 

 moluccanus, Linn. (Kuntze). 



so'cial {socialis, pertaining to com- 

 panionship), (1) when individuals of 

 the same species usually grow in 

 company, and occupy a consider- 

 able extent of ground.; (2) dominant 

 species which give the main character 

 to the vegetation (Drude) ; (3) com- 

 pletely grouped ; — {a) competitive 

 '^ , when the roots of the competing 

 plants are at the same level ; [b) 

 complement'ary <-', when the com- 

 ponent plants root at different 

 levels; (c) exclu'sive <-', a pure 

 growth ; {d) inclu'sive -- , permitting 

 the entrance of other forms (Clem- 

 ents) ; '-' Flow'ers, Knuth's term 

 for Compositae, the flowers being 

 gi'ouped into heads. 



Soci'ety (Plant), (1) see Association ; 

 (2) an area characterized by a princi- 

 pal species ; it is shown by addition 

 of lie-, as Androsacik for a society 

 of Androsdce (Clements). 



soft, applied to tissue which readily 

 yields to the touch ; '-' Bast, the 

 tissue of sieve-tubes and paren- 

 chyma, opposed to the Hard Bast 

 of layers of fibres. 



Sola'nin, a poisonous crystallizable 

 alkaloid in many species of Sola- 

 nu7n, especially in S. nigrtnn, Linn., 

 the potato, and the tomato. 



So'lar {sol, solis, the sun) Plants, Grew's 

 name for those which twine with the 

 sun, that is dextrorse; 8ola'riam,in 

 botanic gardens a spot for exposing 

 plants to the full rays of the sun. 



soldiered [dissylL], united together. 



sole, applied to a carpel to denote the 

 end furthest from the apex (Goebel). 



6o\.'%Q,etoTTa.,soleaeform'is (*oZ«a, a sandal ; 

 forma, shape), slipper-shaped, almost 

 resembling an hour-glass. 



Solenaldy (<r«A.^v, a tube ; alZota^ 

 genitals), the conversion of the 

 genitals into barren tubes (Morren). 



Soleniaplank'ton( + Plankton), float- 

 ing neritic vegetation characterized 

 by abundance of Rhizosolcnia (Warm- 

 ing)- 



Sole'nostele (o-waV, a tube, -}- Stelb), 

 an amphiphloic vascular tube with 

 widely separated leaf-gaps ; per'- 

 f orated -^ , in which gaps other than 

 leaf-gaps occur (Tansley); Soleno- 

 stely is the condition ; solenoste'lic 

 (o-T^Arj, a pillar), having a tubular 

 stele with internal and external 

 phloem (Van Tieghem). 



Solfatar'as, pi. (It., solfo, sulphur), 

 hot sulphur springs, round which 

 grows a special xerophilous vegeta- 

 tion (A. F. W. Schimper). 



sol 'id, soVidus (Lat.), not hollow, free 

 from cavities ; '- Bulb = Corm. 



solitary, soUta'rms (Lat., lonely), 

 (1) single, only one from the same 

 place ; (2) Stokes used this for 

 monotypic genera ; (3) species of 

 which the individuals occur in ex- 

 treme isolation ; '-' gregarious, a 

 single clump of one species. 



solu 'bills (Lat., that may be loosed), 

 separating into portions or pieces ; 

 Solubility, Solubil'Uas, the condition 

 of being readily loosed. 



solute', solu'tas (Lat. unbound), free, 

 not adherent, becoming separate ; 

 Solu'tion, the detswhment of vari- 

 ous whorls normally adherent ; the 

 opposite of Adhesion. 



349 



