fenestrate 



festucine 



mann) ; fenes'teate, fenestra' tus, 

 fenestra'lis, pierced with holes, as 

 the septum in some Cniciferae. 



fer, Latin suffix from fero, I bear ; 

 occurs in such words as florifer, 

 bearing flowers ; sometimes found as 

 -ferus, which is very rarely correct. 



fe'ral {fera, a wild animal), wild, or 

 indigenous ; -not cultivated. 



Fer'ment [fermentwrn, leaven), a sub- 

 stance which produces or excites 

 chemical changes, but not itself 

 appreciably contributing to the new 

 products. Ferments may t)e divided 

 into {a) organised ~, such as yeast 

 and other Schizomycetes, a,ud (J) 

 unorganized ~ , or enzymes ; the 

 latter are related to and apparently 

 derived from the proteids ; their 

 composition is not absolutely known, 

 and their names are usually derived 

 from the sources whence they are 

 derived ; diastase, invevtase, papain 

 etc. ; Fermenta'tion, the catalytic 

 operation of ferments, particular- 

 ized as ace'tic ~ y produced by Bac- 

 terium Aceti, Lanzi, alcohoric —, 

 by yeast, and similar organisms, 

 butyr'ic ~ , by a Vibrio, lac'tic ~ , by 

 which sugars are turned into acids ; 

 another classification is (1) diastat'ic 

 '-' , converting starch into sugar ; 

 (2) ferments which decompose gluco- 

 sides with production of sugar, such 

 as emulsin ; (3) ferments which con- 

 vert cane-sugar into glucose, as in- 

 vertase ; (4) and those which convert 

 proteids into peptones, or pep'tic 

 ~, such as papain; ferment'ative 

 Energe'sis, the disruptive process 

 by fermentation by which energy is 

 released (Barnes). 



Ferrificft'tion {ferrum, iron), the ac- 

 tion of Ferrobacteria ; Ferrobacte'ria 

 (+ Bacterium), bacteria which 

 oxidize ferrous to ferric salts ;-ferru- 

 ginas'ceng (Lat.), becoming rusty; 

 ferrugin-'eous, -eus, ferru'ginous, 

 ferrugino' sus {ferrugo, rust), rust- 

 coloured ; Ferru'go (Lat.), a disease 

 in plants known also as "Rust," 

 due to the Uredo stage of various 

 species of Puccinia. 



14 



iert'ilQ, fert'ilis (Lat.), capable of pro- 

 ducing fruit ; ~ Cells, binucleate 

 cells forming a basal layer in the 

 aecidium of uredineous Fungi, and 

 giving rise to the aecidiospores ; 

 -^ Flow'ers, female flowers, those 

 which possess pistils ; ~ Sta'mens, 

 those bearing pollen which fecund- 

 ates the ovules ; — self '~, flowers 

 perfectly fruitful in the absence of 

 insects ; Fertirity, the state of being 

 fertile ; Fertiliza'tion, Fertilisa'tio, 

 ( 1 ) fusion of two gametes to form a 

 new individual cell (zygote) ; (2) the 

 effect of pollen, deposited on stig- 

 matic surface, resulting in conversion 

 of flower into fruit, and of o\'nle 

 into seed ; Close ~ , breeding in-and- 

 in, or successive progeny of closely 

 related parents ; Cross •-' , progeny by 

 other forms not of close affinity ; cf. 

 Pollination ; doable ~ ,one generat- 

 ive nucleus from the pollen-tube fuses 

 with the nucleus of the egg-cell 

 (oosphere), the other with the defin- 

 ite nucleus, itself formed by fusion of 

 the polar nuclei ; genera'tive ~, the 

 sexual union of germ plasm of differ- 

 ent parentage and diverse potentiali-' 

 ties ; Post- '^ , the stage after fertiliz- 

 ation to the ripening of the seed ; 

 Pre- ~ , the stage of the ovules pre- 

 vious to fertilization; redacted '^ , 

 partial ftision of a female cell with 

 a vegetative cell, or the fusion of 

 two female cells ; vegeta'tive '~, the 

 stimulus to growth resulting from 

 the fusion. of two nuclei or other 



masses of protoplasm ; Tube, 



the channel by which gonoplasm 

 passes from the antheridium to the 

 oogonium in Peronosporeae. 



ferula'ceous, ferula' ceas (Lat.), (1) re- 

 sembling the genus Ferula ; (2) per- 

 taining to reeds or canes, or being 

 formed like them, hollow. 



Fervida'rium {fervidus, boiling hot), 

 applied in botanic gardens to the 

 Stove. 



Festuca're, a community of Festuca ; 

 (Clements) ; Festuce'tam, an asso- 

 ciation of the same grass-genus ; 

 fes'tucine. straw-coloured, as the 



