148 W. S. Cooper 



North America. A form transitional between the type and var. 

 villosus occurs in Greenland. 



Carex macrocephalaWAld. (including C. antha'icoides Presl) 

 (figs, id, 7) grows close to the strand and is capable o£ forming 

 small dunes. It occurs on both the American and the Asiatic 

 coasts of the northern Pacific Ocean. On the American side, 

 its southernmost recorded occurrence is at De Lake, Lincoln 

 County, Oregon. It is abundant in northern Oregon and south- 

 ern Washington, and frequently is found in northern Washing- 

 ton, the Puget Sound region, and on both coasts of Vancouver 

 Island. North of there, it has been reported from a few scattered 

 localities — Sitka, Yakutat Bay, Cook Inlet, and Kodiak Island. 

 On the Pacific coast of Asia it reappears in Kamchatka, and 

 there are frequent records of its occurrence southward along the 

 islands and mainland coast to southern Japan and middle China. 



Fernald (1930) treats the Asiatic and American forms as dis- 

 tinct species, accepting the name C. anthericoides Presl as ap- 

 plicable to the latter. Mackenzie (1931) prefers, in the present 

 state of our knowledge, to regard them as one. According to 

 Fernald, the Asiatic C. macrocephala has become established 

 on the coast of New Jersey, where it is spreading rapidly. Carex 

 macrocephala has no close relatives and is the only species in its 

 section. 



f uncus lescurii Bol. (fig. 2b) is included in this list with some 

 hesitation, because it is not necessarily associated with moving 

 sand. Its typical habitat is the wet sand of "pannes" areas in the 

 dune complex which have been eroded by wind to the vicinity 

 of the water table. When these are invaded by freshly blowing 

 sand, Juncus becomes an effective dune builder. 



The authentic range of the species follows the coast from Van- 

 couver Island southward to Los Angeles County, California. It 



