Strand and Dune Flora of the Pacific Coast 157 



Oenothera cheiranthifolia Hornem. (fig. 6e) is frequent in 

 partly stabilized sand away from the immediate shore. Its range 

 extends from central Oregon (Coos Bay) southward to Socorro, 

 Baja California. Two forms superficially very different are com- 

 bined by Munz (1928) under the specific name here accepted. 

 These are O. cheiranthifolia var. typica, ranging from Oregon to 

 southern California, and O. cheiranthifolia var. suffruticosa S. 

 Wats. [O. viridescens Hook.], Point Conception to northern 

 Baja California. 



The family Onagraceae is mainly American, and the complex 

 genus Oenothera especially so. The subgenus Sphaerostigma 

 (often segregated as a genus) includes, according to Munz, four- 

 teen species occurring in North America. The genus is present 

 also in South America, and several of the North American 

 species may occur there also. The North American members, 

 aside from O. cheiranthifolia, are inhabitants of desert and semi- 

 desert regions. Three of these (O. contorta Dough, O. hirta Link, 

 and O. bistorta Nutt.) have coastal varieties. 



Glehnia littoralis Schmidt [Cymopterus littoralis Gray] (figs. 

 6f, 7), inhabits the northern Pacific shores of both America and 

 Asia. The two populations are regarded as specifically distinct 

 by Miss Mathias (1928) ; the American form assumes the name 

 G. leiocarpa Mathias. This form is common from Puget Sound 

 to Point Arena, California. North of Puget Sound the only 

 record is from Yakutat Bay, Alaska. G. littoralis, treated as dis- 

 tinct, inhabits the coasts of Manchuria and China, Saghalin, 

 the Kurile Islands, and Japan. It is not present in Kamchatka 

 nor on the other portions of the Siberian coast. 



For this species we are fortunate in possessing a fossil record. 

 Fruits certainly referable to Glehnia have been found in Pleisto- 

 cene asphalt deposits at Carpinteria, California, more than 400 



