WEST AFRICA 31 



Scorpaena senegalensis, Steindachner. 



1881, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XLiv, p. 31, pi. iv. 



Very closely related to S. laevis, but depth of head at origin of dorsal i| in its length. 

 Snout longer than eye, diameter of which is 5^ in length of head and about equal to 

 interorbital width. Spines on head generally more acute. Supraorbital tentacle larger 

 and much branched, its length | to | diameter of eye. Dorsal XII g. Anal III 5. 

 Pectoral with 19 rays, extending nearly to above origin of anal, its length (measured 

 from upper angle) 1 1 in that of head. 



Hab. Coasts of tropical West Africa. 



In the British Museum 2 specimens, 125 and 280 mm. in total length, from the Niger 

 and the Gold Coast. 



Scorpaena madurensis, Cuv. and Val. 



1833, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, p. 463. 



Sebastes maderensis, Lowe, 1839, Trans. Zool. Soc, 11 (3), p. 175; Giinther, i860. Cat. Fish., 



u, p. 102; Lowe, i860. Hist. Fish. Madeira, p. 177; Steindachner, 1867, SitzBer. Akad. 



Wiss. Wien, LVi (i), p. 673; Collett, 1896, Res. Camp. Sci. Monaco, x, p. 15; Collett, 1897, 



Arch. Naturv. Christian., xix. No. 7, p. 4; Kolombatovic, 1904, Hrvat. Naravosl. Driist. 



Ghjsnik, XV, p. 186; Roiile, 1907, Arch. Zool. exper. gen. (4) vi. Notes et Revue, p. xvi; 



Jaquet, 1907, Bull. Inst, ocean. Monaco, cix; Fage, 1918, Rep. Danish Ocean. Exped. 



1908-10, II, A 3, p. 102. 

 Scorpaena rubellio, Jordan and Gunn, 1898, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., p. 344. 



Depth of body 2f to 3 in the length, length of head 2\ to 2f . Snout as long as or 

 shorter than eye, diameter of which is 3I to 3! in length of head and i| to if times 

 interorbital width. Head with numerous small pores; cheeks and opercular region 

 with visible scales. No occipital pit. 2 strong praeorbital spines, but only 2 or 3 spines 

 on hinder part of suborbital ridge. A small supraorbital tentacle sometimes present ;^ 

 a few small membranous processes on head. Length of band of palatine teeth a little 

 more than I diameter of eye. 10 to 12 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. Scales 

 spinulose and ciliated ; 5 series between last soft-ray of dorsal and lateral line ; breast 

 scaled; no membranous processes on body. Dorsal XII 9 or 10; fourth to sixth spines 

 longest, about twice in length of head. Anal III 5; second spine longer and stronger 

 than third. Pectoral with 15 or 16 rays, extending to above vent or beyond; base broad, 

 the lowermost ray inserted level with root of pelvic spine and in advance of uppermost. 

 Brownish, with four irregular darker cross-bars, the first just behind the head, the last 

 on the caudal peduncle; dorsal, anal and caudal fins spotted and blotched with dark 

 brown, the caudal with a broad transverse bar of the same colour; pectoral spotted and 

 barred with brown, and with some small white spots in the axil. 



Hab. Mediterranean and adjacent parts of the Atlantic; Azores. 



In the British Museum 17 specimens, 62-140 mm. in total length. 



1 This is particularly well developed in two examples from Cyprus, which in all other respects appear to 

 be exactly similar to examples of similar size from other parts of the Mediterranean and from Madeira. 



