430 DISCOVERY REPORTS 



larva as belonging to the same series, or even as a Scyllarid at all. One character alone 

 completely excludes it, namely the possession at this early stage of exopods on maxilli- 

 pedes 2 and 3, for in Scyllarus and Scyllondes the exopod is absent throughout develop- 

 ment from maxillipede 3, and it is absent in the larva of Themis figured by Santucci. 

 Von Bonde (1932) has attributed to Scyllarides eUzabethae a series of larvae taken on the 

 south and east coasts of South Africa, mainly on the ground that this is the only common 

 species in those waters. He distinguishes a series of eleven stages, but the differences in 

 size and structure between some of them is very small indeed. The specimen of 1 1 mm. 

 (his stage VIII) appears to be the last stage, 

 having the gills developed, and very cha- 

 racteristic pointed uropods, and it is very 

 unlikely that there should be three more 

 stages during which the uropods change 

 their shape to the rounded form shown in 

 other figures. It seems much more probable 

 that his material included larvae of more 

 than one species, and that one of them (with 

 rounded uropods, pi. vii) belonged to Scyl- 

 larus. It is to be noted also that the telson 

 spines of his younger larvae are relatively 

 short, as in Scyllarus. 



Stage I of S. latus is characterized by 

 having the antenna about as long as the an- 

 tennule, and the great length of leg 3, but 

 it is doubtful if these characters are suffi- 

 cient to distinguish the genus from Scyl- 

 larus. APhyllosoma in stage I from Bermuda 

 (Fig. 35) probably belongs to Scyllarides 

 since that genus alone is known from Ber- 

 muda, but its antennae are even shorter than 

 those of Scyllarus arctus, and leg 3 is not 

 strikingly longer than leg 2. Stephensen's 

 larva, which is probably rightly referred to 

 S. latus, is distinguished by the great length 

 of the spines on the telson, and this may be 

 a good character for the genus. If that is 

 so Phyllosoma fiircicaudatum, Bate (1888, pi. xii, D), from St Vincent, no doubt belongs 

 to this genus. 



It is probably safe to accept long telson spines in early stages, and pointed uropods in 

 later ones, as distinctive for the genus ; but the length of the antenna does not seern to be 

 a reliable character, and in intermediate stages, when the rudimentary uropods are 

 rounded, the two genera may be indistinguishable. 



Fig. 35. Scyllarides sp., Stage I. Bermuda. 



