OBSERVED DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY 167 



The lowest surface-temperature recorded (Fig. yb) was io° C, off the mouth of the Orange river, 

 but all along the coast as far south as the Cape of Good Hope the temperatures remained below 13 C. 

 In 3 1° to 3 2° S. oceanic water with a temperature of 15 C. approached more closely to the coast, but 

 to the north of this the coastal water extended far seawards, forming a broad tongue with its axis 

 extending westwards in 29 ° S. 



In contrast to survey I the Orange river line of stations, which occupied the same positions on both 

 surveys, lay on the northward side of this tongue of colder water. To the north of these stations 

 oceanic water again intruded towards the coast in 28 S. The low salinities in the vicinity of the 



20- 

 S 



25°H 



\PE FRIO 



WiMOWE POIXT 



CAPE CROSS 



U'ALl'IS BAY 



COXCEPCION 

 BAY 



io- 4 - 



SYLVIA HILL 



CAPE FRIO 



MOWE POIXT 



A CAPE CROSS 



LVIS BAY 



XCEPCIOX 

 BAY 



ORANGE 

 R. 



17.4 HILL 



ORANGE 

 R. 



1 I I I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 



10° E 15° IO°E 15° 



(«) (*) 



Fig. 20. The distribution of (a) temperature (° C), and (b) salinity (% ) at a depth of 100 m. on 



survey II, September-October 1950. 



Orange river mouth were again evident. A sudden increase in salinity between stations WS 1054 

 and 1055 marked the boundary of coastal and oceanic waters. 



Another sharp boundary was traversed between stations WS 1059 and 1060 on the northern side 

 of the oceanic water. 



To the north of 27 S. the cooler waters became very extensive, and up to Walvis Bay in 23 S. there 

 was a complex series of small eddies formed by the cooler water, apparently driving offshore in a 

 north-westerly direction. Throughout this area sharp fluctuations of sea temperature were continually 

 encountered, but the temperature remained consistently low. 



