I3 8 DISCOVERY REPORTS 



Of these characters the shape of the opening on the dorsal tubercle in itself is enough to separate 

 the two species. 



The specimen from Enderby Land, which Kott (1954) provisionally identified as M. sabulosa does 

 not seem to be this species, but may be M. pedunadata. 



Distribution. Southern Australia; Indonesia. 



Genus Ascopera Herdman, 1881 

 Ascopera gigantea Herdman (Text-figs. 60-62; PI. VI, figs. 1, 2) 



Ascopera gigantea Herdman, 188 1, p. 238. 

 Ascopera pedunculata Herdman, 1881, p. 239. 

 lAscopera bouvetensis Michaelsen, 1904, p. 188. 



Occurrence. St. 39: S. Georgia, 179-235 m. St. 42: S. Georgia, 120-204 m. St. 45: S. Georgia, 

 238-270 m. St. 123: S. Georgia, 230-250 m. St. 140: S. Georgia, 122-136 m. St. 152: S. Georgia, 



1-6 ■ 



l-2i 



O 



P 0-8 > 



0-4- 







O 



o 



00 • 



9 •» 



• 00 • 



o o 00 0% 



• <9 o 

 o 



o o 

 00 



OqOO 



1 r 





• • • 



o» • • 



•0 «o • • • 

 • ••00 



• • • • 





T 



12 



I 



16 



T 

 20 



T 



28 



1 

 32 



4 8 12 16 20 24 



TOTAL LENGTH CM 



Text-fig. 60. Ascopera gigantea Herdman. Relation between the ratio stalk-length/body-length and the total 

 length, in specimens from the S. Sandwich Islands (o) and from S. Georgia (•). 



245 m. St. 156: S. Georgia, 200-236 m. St. 159: S. Georgia, 160 m. St. 195: S. Shetlands, 391 m. 

 St. 366: S. Sandwich Islands, 155-322 m. St. 371 : S. Sandwich Islands, 99-161 m. St. 1873: 

 Scotia Sea, 210-180 m. St. MS 68: S. Georgia, 220-247 m. St. Deception Islands, S. Shetlands, 

 25-30 m. 



External appearance and the possible separation of A. gigantea and A. pedunculata. The 

 smallest specimen has a total length of 0-9 cm. and the largest one 28-0 cm. The shape of the body has 

 already been well described (Herdman, 1882; Hartmeyer, 1911; Arnback, 1938), but as it was the 

 main reason for originally separating the species A. gigantea and A. pedunculata, I shall deal with it 

 in some detail. According to Herdman (1882) the ratio length of stalk to length of body in A. gigantea 

 was 1 :2 and in A. pedunculata about 2-4: 1. Text-fig. 60 shows the ratio of stalk length to body length 

 plotted against total length, for all specimens in the 'Discovery' collection from the two areas which 

 yielded most of the material : South Sandwich Islands, and South Georgia. There is a tendency for 

 the smallest specimens to have a relatively shorter stalk, but in specimens over 4 or 5 cm. the corre- 

 lation between total length and the ratio of stalk to body is weak. Inspection of Text-fig. 60 suggests 

 that the populations from the South Sandwich Islands and South Georgia cannot be separated by a 



