ASTEROIDEA 



73 



ECHINASTERIDAE 



RhopieUa\ 



SOLASTERIDAE 



Paralophastei~\ 



Myoraster-\ 

 Cuenotaster] 



Brisingidae 

 OdineUa\ 

 BelgiceUa'\ 



ASTERIIDAE 



Labidias1er-\* 

 Notasieriasf 



Psalidaster* 



Anasterias* 



Lysasteriasf 



Diplasterias*'\ 



Adelaslerias^ 



Cryp taslerias\* 



Saliasteriasf 



Neosmilasterf* 



Sinilasterias-\* 



Eremasterias* 



Cosmasterias*f 



Granaster-\ 



Calvasterias* 



The species which give "character" to the Antarctic fauna either by their surpassing 

 size* or frequencyf of occurrence are the following : 



Leplychaster accrescens* 

 L. flexuosus* 

 L. magnificus* 

 Bathvbiaster loripes obesiis*\ 

 Psilaster charcoti*\ 

 Luidiaster gerlachei* 

 Odontaster meridionalis\ 

 O. validusf 



Acodontaster elongatus* 

 A. conspicuus* 

 A. hodgsoni* 



Perknastcr fuscus aiitarciiciis*-\ 

 P. charcoti* 

 P. aurorae* 



Porania miiarctica glahra\ 

 Myoraster antarcticiis*-\ 

 Cuenotaster involutiis 

 Labidiaster anmdatus*'\ 

 Lysasterias perrien*\ 

 Diplasterias briicei*f 

 Granaster mitrix\ 



This list of course omits many species which are equally characteristic or unusual but 

 which do not bulk large in collections. Such are the other species of genera pecuUar to 

 the Antarctic listed above, as well as the rare Notioceramm, Pergamaster, Chitonaster, 

 Kampylaster , Mirastrella, Rhopiella, Paralophaster and Odinella. 



The last is a very unusual new type of Brisingidae, a family not well represented in 

 southern seas. It has "evolved" an entirely new type of marsupium for the care of 

 developing eggs — the only known case of "brooding" in the family. 



The brooding of paedophoric habit of certain sea stars of the cold waters of both 

 northern and southern hemispheres has long been known. Ludwig in 1903 (p. 56) 

 published a list of references to eleven Antarctic and sub-Antarctic species. 



It is likely that all species of Pteraster, Euretaster, Diplopter aster and Hymenaster 

 brood their young in the supradorsal chamber. The habit is probably widespread in 

 Leplychaster and Henricia, as well as in all genera having large eggs and gonoducts which 

 open ventrally. Eggs, embryos, or young have been observed in the brood cavity of the 

 following southern genera: Kampylaster, Rhopiella, Odinella, Anasterias, Lysasterias, 

 Diplasterias, Cryptasterias,^ Neosmilaster, Granaster. The following genera are probably 



1 Koehler (1906, p. 21) states that several specimens "sont fixes dans I'attitude incubatrice, le disque 

 releve et la base des bras rapprochee; mais aucun d'eux n'est en gestation". The eggs of C. turqueti are few 

 and unusually large. 



