158 DISCOVERY REPORTS 



abactinal surface reticulated whitish with duller papular areas; centre of disk dull 

 orange ; 5 abactinal interradial blotches of brilliant orange. 



Type locality. Kerguelen Island, 30 and 127 fathoms. 



Distribution. Circumpolar, Antarctic; 15-567 m. 



Family ECHINASTERIDAE Verrill 

 Genus Poraniopsis Perrier 



Poraniopsis Perrier, Cotnptes rendiis, cvi, 1888, p. 763 {noiiien nudum). — 1891, p. 105. Type P. 



echinaster Perrier.— Leipoldt, 1895, p. 589.— Fisher, Zool. Anz., xxxv, 1910, p. $6S.SuIl. 



U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 76, 191 1, p. 260. 

 Lahillea de Loriol, Notes pour servir a I'etude des ^chinodermes, ser. 2, fasc. 2, 1904, p. 32. Type L. 



mira de Loriol. 

 Alexandraster Ludwig, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., xxxn, 1905, p. 210. Type A. minis Ludwig. 

 Ortmmmia de Loriol, Revue critique de paleozoologie, Paris, x, 1906, p. 78 (proposed to replace 



Lahillea, preoccupied). — Bather, Revue critique de paleozoologie, Paris, x, 1906, p. 131. 

 Lahillia de Loriol, Revue critique de paleozoologie, x, 1906, p. 77. 



Poraniopsis echinaster Perrier 



Poraniopsis echinaster Perrier, 1891, p. 106, pi. 10, figs, za, 26.— Fisher, 191 1, pp. 261, 265. — 



Koehler, 1912, p. 211. — Clark, H. L., 1923, p. 290. 

 Poraniopsis echinasteroides Perrier, 1891, p. 197, pi. 10, figs, za, zb. — Leipoldt, 1895, p. 589, pi. 31, 

 fig. 6. 

 St. 399. I mile south-east of south-west point of Gough Island, 141-102 m. 



The single specimen measures R 46 mm., r 23 mm., R = 2r; br 23-26 mm.; longest 

 spines as follows: abactinal, 3-5 mm. ; superomarginal, 4 mm. ; inferomarginal, 4 mm. ; 

 subambulacral, 4-25 mm.; furrow, 3-5 mm.; greatest diameter of madreporite, 5 mm. 



The abactinal spines are in 3 longiseries ; including the superomarginals which border 

 the abactinal area there are 5 series about equidistantly spaced ; spines stout, tapered, 

 bluntly pointed and seated on an elevated boss of the usually 4-lobed primary plates. 

 The first 2 or 3 of the 19 inferomarginals carry i spine; the next 8-10 plates carry 2 

 spines, varying to 3 on i or 2 plates at midray ; then the last 6 or 8 have i or 2 spines each. 

 On the diplacanthid and triplacanthid plates the spines form a transverse series and the 

 lower is usually somewhat flattened. 



The actinal interradial angle is not heavily armed, there being 3-6 spines (3-3-5 mm. 

 long) to each area. The 2 adambulacral spines (occasionally 3) are strongly flattened, 

 spatulate, subtruncate. Although some of the furrow spines are slightly concave at the 

 tip, the upper side is not strongly grooved as in inflata. 



There are 4 marginal oral spines, the inner or apical spatulate, shallowly concave on 

 upper side, the others much smaller, and narrower, decreasing rapidly in size toward 

 the first adambulacral; i or 2 suboral spines, heavy, concave, like the apical spine. 



The madreporite is prominent, convex, and constitutes a plate independent of the 

 adjacent adcentral primary interradial. 



Preparation of integument of papular areas reveals numerous embryonic perforated 



