ASTEROIDEA 163 



represented by H. abyssalis (Perrier)/ H. compacta Sladen, H. studeri Perrier. Henricia 

 scabrior had been submerged as a forma of sangiiinolefita until 1935, but an equivalent 

 species (aspera) in the north Pacific was described by me in 1906. There it is sometimes 

 found in the same locality with H. sanguinolenta . 



The point of the above remarks is the belief that Henricia pagenstecheri, H. obesa, and 

 H. studeri are each a segment of 3 distinct strains of very wide distribution. 



I believe the only solution possible for the Henricia puzzle is to reduce it to a problem 

 of a natural faunal region; to analyse these faunas one by one; and finally to trace 

 through a mosaic of all Henricia faunas available the pattern of the superspecies. This 

 was the idea I had in mind in analysing the north Pacific fauna (Fisher, 191 1, pp. 266- 

 305; 1930, pp. 194-6). Heding (1935, pp. 16-34) has made a similar attempt for the 

 north Atlantic region. 



Henricia studeri (Perrier) 



(Plate XI, fig. i) 



Cribrella studeri Perrier, 1891, p. 102, pi. 9, figs, za-zd. 



Cribrella pagenstecheri pars, Leipoldt, 1895; Meissner, 1904; Ludwig, 1905. 



St. WS 81. 8 miles north-west of North Island, West Falkland Island, 81-82 m., sand, 3 speci- 

 mens. 



St. WS 82. Falkland Islands, 51° 30' S, 61° 15' W, 140-144 m., i specimen. 



St. WS 84. yh miles south-west of Sea Lion Island, East Falkland Island, 75-74 m., coarse sand, 

 shell, stones, i specimen. 



St. WS 85. Falkland Islands, 52° 09' S, 58° 14' W, 79 m., sand and shell, 6 specimens. 



St. WS86. Falkland Islands, 53° 53' 30" S, 60° 34' 30" W, 151-147 m., sand, shell, stones, 

 31 specimens. 



St. WS 87. Falkland Islands, 54° 07' 30" S, 58^ 16' W, 96-127 m., sand, shell, stones, i specimen. 



St. WS 97. Falkland Plateau, 49° 30' S, 61° 58' W, 146-145 m., i specimen. 



St. WS 246. Falkland Islands, 52° 25' S, 61° W, 267-208 m., coarse green sand and pebbles, 

 I specimen. 



St. WS 824. South-east of East Island, 52° 29^' S, 58^ z-jV W, 146-137 m., i specimen. 



St. WS 871. Falkland Islands, 53° 16' S, 64° 12' W, 336-341 m., i specimen. 



St. WS 872. Falkland Islands, 53° 48' S, 64° 18J' W, 139-141 m., i specimen. 



This species, submerged heretofore as a synonym oi pagenstecheri, is readily separable 

 from that form since its relationships lie in another direction. H. studeri is a link in a 

 chain of species, encircling the southern hemisphere, which are the antithesis of 

 pagenstecheri in being characterized by having numerous spinelets compactly placed on 

 the plates, especially the marginal, actinal, and adambulacral. The actinal series of 

 plates extends well beyond the middle of ray, sometimes nearly to the tip. This chain of 

 species includes H. abyssalis (Perrier) Mortensen, Cape of Good Hope; H. praestans 

 (Sladen) Crozet Islands; //. compacta (Sladen) New Zealand; H. studeri. Probably the 

 muhispinous deep-water species, which regularly have 2 or 3 adambulacral spinelets 

 deep in the furrow, are also related to this compacta-studeri group. Such, iiiter alia, are 

 H. pauperrima Fisher, Hawaiian Islands, H. densispina (Sladen), Philippines to Korea ; 



1 Mortensen, 1933, p. 265. 



