ANOTOPTERIDAE 3>9 



of the gum. The point of the new tooth, which, in this state, is directed backwards, is then exposed by a 

 gradual rotatory movement of the tooth from the horizontal to the vertical position. 



The small individual of standard length ioo mm. taken by R.R.S. 'Discovery II' in the South 

 Atlantic (station 2048, lat. 23° 16' S, long. oi°5i-7'W.; 25. iv. 37, N. 450B: 600-0 m.) has six 

 functional teeth on the left palatine and seven on the right. The dentition of the right palatine is 

 shown in Text-fig. 6 a. On the right mandible there are seventeen teeth: one retrorse tooth near the 

 symphysis + 5 antrorse teeth +11 upright teeth. 



b 



Text-fig. 6. Palatine teeth of Anotopteras pharao: a, right palatine of a specimen 100 mm. in standard length ( x 6-5) ; b and c 

 diagramatic representations of the palatine dentitionsof specimens732mm.and278mm.instandardlength(6, x 1 ;c, x 1-5). 

 In b and c the functional teeth are shown in black : the moderately developed replacement teeth are cross hatched; the soft, 

 relatively undeveloped replacement teeth are dotted. 



Compared with the type specimen of Engnathosaurus vorax, the proportions of the different parts of 

 the head of the whole fish are as follows. (These figures are in hundredths of the head length, those 

 for the type coming first, followed in brackets by those of the Discovery specimen) : 



Length of head 150 (24) mm. Proportions per cent: length of snout 59-3 (58-3), width of bony 

 interorbital 5-3 (67), horizontal diameter of bony orbit 10-3 (13-3); postorbital length 307 (27-1); 

 length of mandible 74-0 (70-8). 



The palatine dentition of an individual from Madeira of standard length 278 mm. is shown in Text- 

 fig. 6c. There are six completely erect, functional teeth, together with two moderately ossified, obliquely 

 set teeth, one on the left palatine between the first and second upright teeth, the other situated towards 

 the posterior end of the right palatine. Opposite the latter tooth is a fairly well-ossified recumbent 

 tooth, together with a soft replacement tooth. The tooth pattern suggests that, as the fish grows, the 

 complement of these stabbing palatine teeth increases, probably to between eight and ten. 



