56 SALMONIA. 



are several flies found on most rivers. The 

 grannam or green-tail-fly, with a wing like 

 a moth, comes on generally morning and 

 evening, from five till eight o'clock a. m. in 

 mild weather in the end of March and through 

 April. Then there are the blue and the brown, 

 both ephemerae, which come on, the first in 

 dark days, the second in bright days ; these 

 flies, when well imitated, are very destructive 

 to fish. The first is a small fly with a palish- 

 yellow body, and slender beautiful wings, 

 which rest on the back as it floats down the 

 water. The second, called the cob in Wales, 

 is three or four times as large, and has brown 

 wings, which likewise protrude from the back, 

 and its wings are shaded like those of a par- 

 tridge, brown and yellow brown. These three 

 kinds of flies lay their eggs in the water, which 

 produce larvae that remain in the state of 

 worms, feeding and breathing in the water till 

 they are prepared for their metamorphosis and 

 quit the bottoms of the rivers, and the mud 

 and stones, for the surface, and the light and 

 air. The brown fly usually disappears before 

 the end of April, likewise the grannam ; but 



