INSTINCTS. 167 



taught, or experienced pleasure or pain from 

 the object, young ducks seek the water, young 

 chickens avoid it : their organs have a fitness 

 or unfitness for certain functions, and they 

 use them for these functions without educa- 

 tion. In short, the instinctive application of 

 the organ is independent of experience, and 

 forms part of a train of pure sensations. 



Orn. — I have no objection to the state- 

 ment you make of my view of the subject ; but 

 I certainly should give to it a little more re- 

 finement and generaUty. In all the results of 

 reason, ideas are concerned, but never in those 

 of instinct. Without memory there can be no 

 reason ; but in instinct nothing can be traced 

 but pure sensation. 



PoiET. — Though in the animal world no 

 ideas seem connected with instincts, yet they 

 are all intended for specific and intelHgent 

 ends. Thus the swallow travels to a country 

 where flies are found ; the salmon migrates 

 from the sea to the sources of fresh rivers, 

 where its eggs may receive a supply of aerated 

 water, and without this migration the race 

 would be extinct : and in this way all the in- 

 M 4 



