THE FISHERIES OF THE ADRIATIC, 



of 330 nautical miles in a straight line, and an extent of sea-coast of 2,840 

 miles, including the islands. It consists : — 



1. Of the Dalmatian coast and islands, commencing somewhat north of 

 Antivari, and extending to a point south of Carlopago, including the island 

 of Pelagosa as the most distant island off the coast, and the islands of 

 Arbe and Selve as the most northern limit. 



2. Of the Hungarian-Croatian littoral, including Carlopago as southern 

 and Fiume as northern limits. 



3. The Austrian coast proper, including the peninsula of I stria, com- 

 mencing at the northernmost head of the Ouarnero Gulf, including the 

 islands of the Ouarnero, and the Trieste seaboard (Kiistenland), extending 

 as far as the Italian frontier, marked by the river Aussa and Cape Buso. 



The eastern and western shores are essentially different from one 

 another in their physical aspect. The western coast is exposed to the 

 full fury of the S.E. (Scirocco) and N.E. (Bora) winds; the northern 

 part is flat and low, and is studded with sand-banks and marshes ; whereas 

 further south it becomes iron-bound, and the entire coast is devoid of 

 natural harbours. The eastern shore has, on the other hand, a very 

 different character ; a high coast-land much indented and studded with 

 numerous islands and reefs (scogli), x which extend from Ragusa in the 

 south to the Istrian shores in almost unbroken continuity, 2 thus forming a 

 sort of natural rampart, or breakwater, against the fury of the winds and 

 waves. The innumerable creeks and bays {valli), z inlets and channels, which 

 thus abound along the coast, are so many natural harbours, with deep water 

 and ofood anchorasfe-oround, so that the coast of Dalmatia and I stria has not 

 without reason been termed " a natural harbour from beginning to end " (tutto 



1 This term is often misapplied on the coast to the islands generally, as, for instance, at 

 Zara, where the inhabitants of the islands are called Scogliani. 



2 The only interruption is at the promontory of Planca {Slav. Ploca), the wave-lashed 

 Promontorium Diomedis of old. 



3 The larger fjords are called valloni, and secondary basins {mandracchio) are artificially 

 created, which extend out of the primary creeks in order to afford protection to small craft : these 

 are known as Drazice {Slav.). 



