BEANIA 417 



The rootlets arise from a short calcareous tube which projects from the recumbent 

 part of the basal surface. It may arise not far from the centre of this area, projecting 

 obliquely, but more frequently arises close to the distal connecting tube, pointing in the 

 same direction as the tube. The rootlets may be very stout, though thin walled, and 

 frequently ramify at the tips. 



In the colonies from St. 160 (Shag Rocks) the zooecia are small and the connecting 

 tubes unusually long (Plate IX, fig. 2). 



In a small specimen from St. 1652 there is a zooecium without avicularia which, from 

 its position with its back to all the other zooecia, i.e. with its frontal surface uncovered, 

 and from the absence of any trace of the three proximal connecting tubes, appears to be 

 the ancestrula. The next zooecium has a pair of avicularia which are placed more 

 proximally than usual, being at about the middle of the length of the upright part of the 

 zooecium. The ancestrula resembles the other zooecia in shape and has the two distal 

 spines. 



The specimen from the Agulhas Bank, attributed to this species by Hasenbank, 

 differed from both the typical form and the variety in its very long and slender avicularia, 

 in the absence of the two small distal spines, in its longer connecting tubes, and in the 

 less proximal position of the three distal tubes. The shallow ovicell has a tube passing 

 to the distal connecting tube as in B. magellanica and B. challengeri. 



11. Beania erecta var. livingstonei var.n. Plate IX, fig. 1 ; Fig. 35 B, E. 



Beania erecta Livingstone, 1928, p. 26, pi. v, fig. 4. 



? Beania erecta Thornely, 1924, p. 7. 



Station distribution. Antarctic: Weddell Quadrant, Sts. 42, 140, 159, 170, 175, 177, 190, WS 27. 



Geographical distribution. South Georgia (Discovery; Shackleton-Rowett Expedition); Ele- 

 phant Island; South Shetland Islands; Palmer Archipelago (Discovery); Adelie Land (Livingstone); 

 Ross Sea (Terra Nova). 



Holotype. St. 159, South Georgia. 



The whole distal end of the fertile zooecium of the variety is less blunt (cf. Fig. 

 35 A and B)and more markedly different from that of the non-fertile zooecium than in the 

 typical form. Even at the low magnification of Plate IX, fig. 1, the distal ends of a few 

 fertile zooecia, towards the middle and upper part of the figure, are distinguishable 

 by their shape from the simply semicircular ends of the non-fertile zooecia. In both 

 fertile and non-fertile zooecia the spines are nearer together than in typical Beania 

 erecta, and the ovicell, which in both is shallow and fits between the spines, is thus 

 correspondingly narrower. The distal border of the ovicell is more convex than in the 

 typical form, and the lateral walls converge giving the ovicell a roundly triangular out- 

 line. The spines tend to lean towards the ovicell instead of pointing distally. The 

 operculum has a distal protrusion which fits the more convex orifice of the ovicell, but, 

 as the tip of the operculum curves inwards (i.e. towards the ovicell), this feature shows 

 better in erect zooecia seen from above than in those mounted flat and seen in frontal 

 view. It is recognizable in the marginal zooecia in Livingstone's pi. v, fig. 4, and shows 

 that he had the variety. 



