BUGULA 43i 



the Falkland region, as far as I am aware, and was probably introduced to the port by 

 shipping (see Marcus, p. 67). As the sources of all the other recorded localities can be 

 found through the references given by Marcus, I have not included them in my state- 

 ment of distribution. 



6. Bugula longissima Busk. Fig. 39 C, D. 



Bugula longissima Busk, 1884, p. 42, pi. xxxi, fig. 7 a, b, c. 

 Station distribution. Antarctic: Victoria Quadrant, St. 1660. 

 Geographical distribution. Kerguelen; Heard Island (Busk); Ross Sea (Terra Nova; Discovery). 



The colonies are rather large and straggling as compared with the more bushy colonies 

 of the Challenger material. The Terra Nova colony (which is unfortunately completely 

 decalcified) is 14 cm. long. Otherwise these specimens agree with the type. 



The terminal branches are very delicate and transparent, slightly calcified and colour- 

 less, and are in striking contrast to the more proximal portions of the colonies, which 

 consist of yellow horny zooecia, surrounded by rootlets. In the Terra Nova specimen 

 the greater part of the colony consists of branching, cable-like stems formed by rootlets 

 surrounding zooecia in this way. 



The bifurcation is of type 4 (Harmer, 1926, p. 433), but is exceptional in that zooecia 

 E and F are forked proximally like the rest of the zooecia, instead of coming to a single 

 point (see Fig. 39 C, drawn from type-specimen). The connecting process, given off by 

 zooecium F and joining the inner half of the forked end of G, is long and tubular, and 

 is connected to the adjacent zooecium E by prominent rosette-plates. It thus looks like 

 one of the runners of Camptoplites, although its morphological relations show it to be 

 a connecting process. 



The zooecia vary in length within the colony, and the " conical process " on the outer 

 distal corner of the zooecium is not always present. 



The ovicell is delicately calcified. The entooecium has a rather prominent median 

 longitudinal ridge or suture and bears faint radial striations (Fig. 39 D), which are 

 presumably the feature for which Busk used the expression "engine-turned". The 

 ectooecium is considerably larger than the entooecium and is uncalcified frontally. 

 The edge of the calcified hood-like part of the ectooecium is seen in some views as a 

 point and led Busk to describe the ovicell as acuminate. 



Bugula lophodendron, compared by Ortmann (1889, p. 24) to B. longissima, appears 

 from his figure to have a bifurcation of type 3. 



Yanagi and Okada (1918, p. 423) put B. longissima in the synonymy of B . johnstonae 

 Gray. It is, however, markedly distinct from true B. johnstonae and from B. longicauda 

 which may be the species identified as B. johnstonae by Yanagi and Okada (see Harmer, 

 1926, p. 450). 



17-2 



