ECHIURIDAE, SIPUNCULIDAE AND PRIAPULIDAE 243 



MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS 

 18. ii. 27. Port Stanley Harbour, Falkland Islands. Shore collection amongst mussels. 



Phascolosoma margaritaceum Sars. var. trybomi Theel. 

 22. ix. 27. Port Stanley Harbour, Falkland Islands. 



Priapulus caudatus Lamarck var. tuberciilato-spinosus Baird. 

 22. xii. 28. South Georgia. Fish trap, stomach of Notothenia rossi, 4-5 m. 



Priapulus caudatus Lamarck var. tuberculato-spinosus Baird. 

 1926. Saldanha Bay beach, Cape Province. 



Physcosoma scolops Selenka and de Man. 

 22. ii. 31. Larsen Harbour, South Georgia. 



Echiurus antarcticus Spengel. Hand line, stomach of Notothenia rossi, 10-20 m. 



BIPOLAR DISTRIBUTION 



The close similarity, amounting in many cases to specific identity, between x\rctic 

 and Antarctic species belonging to the Echiuridae, Sipunculidae and Priapulidae is 

 further exemplified in the Discovery collections. 



For convenience, the northern limit of the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic fauna may 

 be taken as 40^ S as has already been done by Fischer (1920, p. 414), with certain 

 exceptions. For example, at Kerguelen and to the south of New Zealand we find some 

 species appearing south of 40'' S which obviously belong to the warmer waters to the 

 north, and these are not included in the table. In the following list, which includes the 

 species which come strictly under the above heading, localities are added only for those 

 species which have not been mentioned in the text. 



The species may be divided into three groups : 



(a) Those which are identical with, or regarded as varieties of, Arctic species. 



(b) Those which are very closely related to Arctic forms but which are still regarded 

 as specifically distinct. 



(c) Those which are not closely related to Arctic species. 

 Grouped in this way the recorded species are as follows: 



Echiuridae. 



(fl) Thalassema faex Selenka. 



{a) Hamingia arctica Koren and Danielssen. 



(b) Echiurus antarcticus Spengel. 



(c) Urechis chilensis Miiller. 



(c) Thalassema verrucosum Studer. 



Kerguelen. Collin (1901, p. 306), Fischer (1916, p. 17). 

 (c) Thalassema antarcticum sp.nov. 

 Sipunculidae. 



{a) Phascolosoma margaritaceum Sars. 

 («) Phascolosoma muricaudatum Southern. 



Bouvet Island. Fischer (1916, p. 15). 

 {a) Phascolosoma mi^mtum Keferstein. 



Falkland Islands. Theel (191 1, p. 31). 



