iS8 



General Botany 



culturists long ago learned to overcome this difficulty by grafting 

 a twig from the desired variety of tree on a seedling of a similar 



Cambi 



Fig. 94. Methods of grafting and budding. At the left, whip grafting ; in the middle, 

 cleft grafting ; at the right, budding. A is the cion, and B the stock. C shows the cion 

 and stock joined. In both grafting and budding, success depends on bringing the cambium 

 of the cion into contact with the cambium of the stock. 



tree. The graf ted-in branch then becomes the top of the tree, and 

 the fruit it bears is like that of the tree from which it came. 



In grafting, the plant that furnishes the root is called the stock. 

 The twig that is attached to it is called the cion. In cleft graft- 

 ing, the top of the stock is cut off. The stock is then split and 

 two cions with chisel-shaped ends are placed in the cleft, one on 

 either side, so that the cambium of the cion is in close contact with 

 the cambium of the stock. The wound is covered with wax to 

 prevent the drying out of the tissues. If the cambium tissues 

 are in perfect contact, they will soon unite. New tissue will 

 grow under the wax and finally cover the wound. If both cions 

 grow, the weaker one is removed. In grafting nut trees the cions, 

 after being set, are painted with melted paraffine to protect them 

 from drying while the union between stock and cion is taking 

 place. This practice will increase the number of '' takes " in 

 fruit-tree grafting also. 



Whip grafting is the common method of uniting cions to small 



