[Chap. XXXV 



VEGETATIVE MULTIPLICATION 



40"; 



bankments quick-growing perennials that multiply by means of rhizomes, 

 creeping stems, and sprouts from roots should be planted first. For a 

 pemianent vegetation on such areas one may prefer a bluegrass turf or 

 trees; but these plants usually become established too slowly to be used 

 as pioneers unless some means of temporarily preventing soil erosion is 

 employed. A few trees and shrubs, such as black locust and the creeping 

 honeysuckle, which multiply vegetatively by branches from roots, or 

 from creeping stems, soon become established on such areas. Kudzu vine 

 has been used to prevent gullying in the Southern States ( Fig. 180 ) , In 





Fig. 182. Depth of rhizomes below soil surface: A, a, bur-reed (Sparganium) ; b, 

 broad-leaved arrowhead (Sagittaria) ; c, swamp persicaria (Polygonum) . 

 B, a, yellow water crowfoot {Ranunculus); b, large yellow pond lily {Nijm- 

 phaea); c, water parsnip (Sium) ; d, cat-tail (Typha); mild water smartweed 

 {Polygonum). Sketches by E. E. Sherft". 



